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@ARTICLE{Jonard:16792,
      author       = {Jonard, F. and André, F. and Ponette, Q. and Vincke, C.
                      and Jonard, M.},
      title        = {{S}ap flux density and stomatal conductance of {E}uropean
                      beech and common oak trees in pure and mixed stands during
                      the summer drought of 2003},
      journal      = {Journal of hydrology},
      volume       = {409},
      issn         = {0022-1694},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-16792},
      year         = {2011},
      note         = {This research was funded by the European Commission and the
                      Walloon Region (DGARNE/DNF) in the framework of the EU
                      regulation 1091/94 on the protection of forests against
                      atmospheric pollution. We thank J. Morren for his technical
                      and material assistance, and F. Hardy and F. Plume for their
                      intensive help with field measurements. Finally, we wish to
                      thank the two anonymous reviewers for their constructive
                      comments and suggestions that significantly improved the
                      manuscript.},
      abstract     = {Sap flux density of European beech and common oak trees was
                      determined from sap flow measurements in pure and mixed
                      stands during the summer drought of 2003. Eight trees per
                      species and per stand were equipped with sap flow sensors.
                      Soil water content was monitored in each stand at different
                      depths by using time-domain reflectometry (TDR). Leaf area
                      index and vertical root distribution were also investigated
                      during the growing season. From sap flux density (SFD) data,
                      mean stomatal conductance of individual trees (G(s)) was
                      calculated by inverting the Penman-Monteith equation. Linear
                      mixed models were developed to analyse the effects of
                      species and stand type (pure vs. mixed) on SFD and G(s) and
                      on their sensitivity to environmental variables (vapour
                      pressure deficit (D), incoming solar radiation (R-G), and
                      relative extractable water (REW)). For reference
                      environmental conditions, we did not find any tree species
                      or stand type effects on SFD. The sensitivity of SFD to D
                      was higher for oak than for beech in the pure stands (P <
                      0.0001) but the mixing of species reduced it for oak and
                      increased it for beech, so that the sensitivity of SFD to D
                      became higher for beech than for oak in the mixed stand (P <
                      0.0001). At reference conditions, G(s) was significantly
                      higher for beech compared to oak (2.1 and 1.8 times in the
                      pure and mixed stand, respectively). This was explained by a
                      larger beech sapwood-to-leaf area ratio compared to oak. The
                      sensitivity of G(s) to REW was higher for beech than for oak
                      and was ascribed to a higher vulnerability of beech to air
                      embolism and to a more sensitive stomatal regulation. The
                      sensitivity of beech G(s) to REW was lower in the mixed than
                      in the pure stand, which could be explained by a better
                      sharing of the resources in the mixture, by facilitation
                      processes (hydraulic lift), and by a rainfall partitioning
                      in favour of beech. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights
                      reserved.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      ddc          = {690},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {Terrestrische Umwelt},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK407},
      shelfmark    = {Engineering, Civil / Geosciences, Multidisciplinary / Water
                      Resources},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000296601600032},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.08.032},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/16792},
}