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@ARTICLE{Schwinger:17060,
      author       = {Schwinger, J. and Kollet, S. and Hoppe, C. and Elbern, H.},
      title        = {{S}ensitivity of {L}atent {H}eat fluxes to {I}nitial
                      {V}alues and {P}arameters of a {L}and-{S}urface {M}odel},
      journal      = {Vadose zone journal},
      volume       = {9},
      issn         = {1539-1663},
      address      = {Madison, Wis.},
      publisher    = {SSSA},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-17060},
      pages        = {984 - 1001},
      year         = {2010},
      note         = {This work was funded by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
                      (DFG) in the framework of the SFB/TR 32 "Patterns in
                      Soil-Vegetation-Atmosphere Systems: Monitoring, Modeling and
                      Data Assimilation." The National Center for Atmospheric
                      Research (NCAR) is gratefully acknowledged for providing the
                      CLM source code and input data sets. The tangent linear CLM
                      source code was generated using the TAPENADE soft ware
                      provided by the Institut National de Recherche en
                      Informatique et en Automatique (INRIA). The authors thank
                      two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments and
                      suggestions, which helped improve the manuscript.},
      abstract     = {A tangent linear version of the complex
                      soil-vegetation-atmosphere transfer model Community Land
                      Model has been developed and its ability to reproduce
                      relevant sensitivities of the modeled soil moisture and
                      latent heat flux (LE) evolution to a number of different
                      parameters on a short time scale (3 d) was analyzed. To this
                      end, a series of idealized experiments for different soil
                      moisture states and three different soil types was
                      conducted. We found that the tangent linear model performs
                      well for a large range of conditions. Situations in which
                      the linear approximation potentially fails were connected
                      with the occurrence of saturation and with the highly
                      nonlinear parameterization of water availability to plants.
                      The sensitivity of LE with respect to the model's initial
                      soil moisture state was calculated and compared with the LE
                      sensitivity to soil texture, leaf area index (LAI), and
                      vegetation roughness length. These sensitivities were found
                      to be highly variable with soil type and soil moisture. Our
                      results confirm that soil texture and LAI are key parameters
                      that have a dominant influence on modeled LE under specific
                      environmental conditions. As a preparatory study to soil
                      data assimilation developments, the results also serve to
                      quantify model uncertainties due to limited knowledge of
                      forcing processes and model parameters.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {IEK-8},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-8-20101013},
      pnm          = {Atmosphäre und Klima},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK491},
      shelfmark    = {Environmental Sciences / Soil Science / Water Resources},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000287739800016},
      doi          = {10.2136/vzj2009.0190},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/17060},
}