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@ARTICLE{Kuhn:17087,
      author       = {Kuhn, U. and Sintermann, J. and Spirig, C. and Jocher, M.
                      and Ammann, C. and Neftel, A.},
      title        = {{B}asic biogenic aerosol precursors: {A}gricultural source
                      attribution of volatile amines revised},
      journal      = {Geophysical research letters},
      volume       = {38},
      issn         = {0094-8276},
      address      = {Washington, DC},
      publisher    = {American Geophysical Union},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-17087},
      pages        = {L16811},
      year         = {2011},
      note         = {The research leading to these results has received funding
                      from the EU 7th Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013 under grant
                      agreement PIEF-GA-2008-220842), the Swiss National Science
                      Foundation (TERMS, 200021-117686/1) and the EU project
                      NitroEurope (contract 017841) that is funded under the EC
                      6th Framework Program for Research and Technological
                      Development.},
      abstract     = {Despite recent evidence on an important role of volatile
                      amines in the nucleation of particulate matter, very scarce
                      information is available on their atmospheric abundance and
                      source distribution. Previous measurements in animal
                      housings had identified livestock husbandry as the main
                      amine source, with trimethylamine (TMA) being the key
                      component. This has led to the assumption that the
                      agricultural sources for amines are similar as for ammonia,
                      emitted throughout the cascade of animal excretion, storage
                      and application in the field. In this study, we present the
                      first micrometeorological flux measurements as well as
                      dynamic enclosure experiments showing that the amine source
                      strength from stored slurry is negligible, implying
                      significant consequences for the global amine emission
                      inventory. In the case of cattle, amine production is
                      attributed to the animal's rumination activity and
                      exhalation is suggested to be an important emission pathway,
                      similar to the greenhouse gas methane. Fodder like hay and
                      silage also emits volatile amines, potentially assigning
                      these alkaloid compounds a key function in enhancing
                      particle formation in remote areas. Citation: Kuhn, U., J.
                      Sintermann, C. Spirig, M. Jocher, C. Ammann, and A. Neftel
                      (2011), Basic biogenic aerosol precursors: Agricultural
                      source attribution of volatile amines revised, Geophys. Res.
                      Lett., 38, L16811, doi:10.1029/2011GL047958.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {IEK-8},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-8-20101013},
      pnm          = {Atmosphäre und Klima},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK491},
      shelfmark    = {Geosciences, Multidisciplinary},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000294615400001},
      doi          = {10.1029/2011GL047958},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/17087},
}