000171781 001__ 171781 000171781 005__ 20220930130034.0 000171781 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.3389/fpls.2014.00469 000171781 0247_ $$2WOS$$aWOS:000343858000001 000171781 0247_ $$2Handle$$a2128/9141 000171781 0247_ $$2altmetric$$aaltmetric:2688515 000171781 0247_ $$2pmid$$apmid:25278947 000171781 037__ $$aFZJ-2014-05345 000171781 041__ $$aEnglish 000171781 082__ $$a570 000171781 1001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)129360$$aMetzner, Ralf$$b0$$eCorresponding Author$$ufzj 000171781 245__ $$aBelowground plant development measured with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): exploiting the potential for non-invasive trait quantification using sugar beet as a proxy 000171781 260__ $$aLausanne$$bFrontiers Media$$c2014 000171781 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article$$bjournal$$mjournal$$s1422426498_8062 000171781 3367_ $$2DataCite$$aOutput Types/Journal article 000171781 3367_ $$00$$2EndNote$$aJournal Article 000171781 3367_ $$2BibTeX$$aARTICLE 000171781 3367_ $$2ORCID$$aJOURNAL_ARTICLE 000171781 3367_ $$2DRIVER$$aarticle 000171781 520__ $$aBoth structural and functional properties of belowground plant organs are critical for the development and yield of plants but, compared to the shoot, much more difficult to observe due to soil opacity. Many processes concerning the belowground plant performance are not fully understood, in particular spatial and temporal dynamics and their interrelation with environmental factors. We used Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) as a noninvasive method to evaluate which traits can be measured when a complex plant organ is monitored in-vivo while growing in the soil. We chose sugar beet (Beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris) as a model system. The beet consists mainly of root tissues, is rather complex regarding tissue structure and responses to environmental factors, and thereby a good object to test the applicability of MRI for 3D phenotyping approaches. Over a time period of up to 3 months, traits such as beet morphology or anatomy were followed in the soil and the effect of differently sized pots on beet fresh weight calculated from MRI data was studied. There was a clear positive correlation between the pot size and the increase in fresh weight of a sugar beet over time. Since knowledge of the development of internal beet structures with several concentric cambia, vascular and parenchyma rings is still limited, we consecutively acquired 3D volumetric images on individual plants using the MRI contrast parameter T2 to map the development of rings at the tissue level. This demonstrates that MRI provides versatile protocols to non-invasively measure plant traits in the soil. It opens new avenues to investigate belowground plant performance under adverse environmental conditions such as drought, nutrient shortage, or soil compaction to seek for traits of belowground organs making plants more resilient to stress. 000171781 536__ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF2-89582$$a89582 - Plant Science (POF2-89582)$$cPOF2-89582$$fPOF II T$$x0 000171781 536__ $$0G:(DE-Juel1)BMBF-0315532A$$aBMBF-0315532A - CROP.SENSe.net (BMBF-0315532A)$$cBMBF-0315532A$$x1 000171781 536__ $$0G:(DE-Juel1)BMBF-031A053A$$aDPPN - Deutsches Pflanzen Phänotypisierungsnetzwerk (BMBF-031A053A)$$cBMBF-031A053A$$fDeutsches Pflanzen Phänotypisierungsnetzwerk$$x2 000171781 588__ $$aDataset connected to CrossRef, juser.fz-juelich.de 000171781 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)129425$$avan Dusschoten, Dagmar$$b1$$ufzj 000171781 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)5963$$aBühler, Jonas$$b2 000171781 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)129402$$aSchurr, Ulrich$$b3$$ufzj 000171781 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)129336$$aJahnke, Siegfried$$b4$$ufzj 000171781 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2613694-6$$a10.3389/fpls.2014.00469$$gVol. 5$$n469$$p1-11$$tFrontiers in plant science$$v5$$x1664-462X$$y2014 000171781 8564_ $$uhttp://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpls.2014.00469/abstract 000171781 8564_ $$uhttps://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/171781/files/FZJ-2014-05345.pdf$$yOpenAccess 000171781 8767_ $$92014-08-27$$d2014-09-05$$eAPC$$jZahlung erfolgt 000171781 909CO $$ooai:juser.fz-juelich.de:171781$$popenCost$$pVDB$$pdriver$$pOpenAPC$$popen_access$$popenaire$$pdnbdelivery 000171781 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)5008462-8$$6P:(DE-Juel1)5963$$aForschungszentrum Jülich GmbH$$b2$$kFZJ 000171781 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)5008462-8$$6P:(DE-Juel1)129425$$aForschungszentrum Jülich GmbH$$b1$$kFZJ 000171781 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)5008462-8$$6P:(DE-Juel1)5963$$aForschungszentrum Jülich GmbH$$b2$$kFZJ 000171781 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)5008462-8$$6P:(DE-Juel1)129402$$aForschungszentrum Jülich GmbH$$b3$$kFZJ 000171781 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)5008462-8$$6P:(DE-Juel1)129336$$aForschungszentrum Jülich GmbH$$b4$$kFZJ 000171781 9132_ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF3-582$$1G:(DE-HGF)POF3-580$$2G:(DE-HGF)POF3-500$$aDE-HGF$$bKey Technologies$$lKey Technologies for the Bioeconomy$$vPlant Science$$x0 000171781 9131_ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF2-89582$$1G:(DE-HGF)POF3-890$$2G:(DE-HGF)POF3-800$$3G:(DE-HGF)POF3$$4G:(DE-HGF)POF$$aDE-HGF$$bProgrammungebundene Forschung$$lohne Programm$$vPlant Science$$x0 000171781 9141_ $$y2014 000171781 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0100$$2StatID$$aJCR 000171781 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0111$$2StatID$$aWoS$$bScience Citation Index Expanded 000171781 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0150$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bWeb of Science Core Collection 000171781 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0199$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bThomson Reuters Master Journal List 000171781 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0300$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bMedline 000171781 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0310$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bNCBI Molecular Biology Database 000171781 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0500$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bDOAJ 000171781 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)1050$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bBIOSIS Previews 000171781 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)1060$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bCurrent Contents - Agriculture, Biology and Environmental Sciences 000171781 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)9900$$2StatID$$aIF < 5 000171781 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0510$$2StatID$$aOpenAccess 000171781 915__ $$0LIC:(DE-HGF)CCBY4$$2HGFVOC$$aCreative Commons Attribution CC BY 4.0 000171781 920__ $$lyes 000171781 9201_ $$0I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-2-20101118$$kIBG-2$$lPflanzenwissenschaften$$x0 000171781 9801_ $$aFullTexts 000171781 980__ $$ajournal 000171781 980__ $$aVDB 000171781 980__ $$aUNRESTRICTED 000171781 980__ $$aI:(DE-Juel1)IBG-2-20101118 000171781 980__ $$aAPC