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000171802 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0091-14.2014
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000171802 1001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)131745$$aVossel, S.$$b0$$eCorresponding Author$$ufzj
000171802 245__ $$aCholinergic stimulation enhances Bayesian belief updating in the deployment of spatial attention.
000171802 260__ $$aWashington, DC$$bSoc.$$c2014
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000171802 520__ $$aThe exact mechanisms whereby the cholinergic neurotransmitter system contributes to attentional processing remain poorly understood. Here, we applied computational modeling to psychophysical data (obtained from a spatial attention task) under a psychopharmacological challenge with the cholinesterase inhibitor galantamine (Reminyl). This allowed us to characterize the cholinergic modulation of selective attention formally, in terms of hierarchical Bayesian inference. In a placebo-controlled, within-subject, crossover design, 16 healthy human subjects performed a modified version of Posner's location-cueing task in which the proportion of validly and invalidly cued targets (percentage of cue validity, % CV) changed over time. Saccadic response speeds were used to estimate the parameters of a hierarchical Bayesian model to test whether cholinergic stimulation affected the trial-wise updating of probabilistic beliefs that underlie the allocation of attention or whether galantamine changed the mapping from those beliefs to subsequent eye movements. Behaviorally, galantamine led to a greater influence of probabilistic context (% CV) on response speed than placebo. Crucially, computational modeling suggested this effect was due to an increase in the rate of belief updating about cue validity (as opposed to the increased sensitivity of behavioral responses to those beliefs). We discuss these findings with respect to cholinergic effects on hierarchical cortical processing and in relation to the encoding of expected uncertainty or precision.
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000171802 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aBauer, M.$$b1
000171802 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aMathys, C.$$b2
000171802 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aAdams, R. A.$$b3
000171802 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aDolan, R. J.$$b4
000171802 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aStephan, K. E.$$b5
000171802 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aFriston:, K. J.$$b6
000171802 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)1475274-8$$a10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0091-14.2014$$n47$$p15735–15742$$tThe @journal of neuroscience$$v34$$x0270-6474$$y2014
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