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@INPROCEEDINGS{Hoerlein:171853,
      author       = {Hoerlein, 117. M. and Schiller, G. and Tietz, F.},
      title        = {{D}evelopment and {C}haracterisation of {S}olid {O}xide
                      {E}lectrolyser {C}ells ({SOEC})},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2014-05410},
      year         = {2014},
      abstract     = {A reliable energy supply which is based on increasing
                      shares of sustainable and renewable energy sources, such as
                      wind power and solar energy, requires appropriate storage
                      technologies. Hydrogen as energy carrier, produced by water
                      electrolysis using electric current from regenerative energy
                      sources, offers a high potential in this respect. A very
                      efficient option to produce hydrogen in this way is
                      high-temperature steam electrolysis based on solid oxide
                      electrolyser cells (SOEC). This technology requires
                      operating temperatures in the range of 700-1000 °C and
                      offers some additional advantages compared to low
                      temperature electrolysis techniques. The higher operating
                      temperature results in faster reaction kinetics thus
                      enabling potentially high energy efficiency. From a
                      thermodynamic point of view, part of the energy demand for
                      the endothermic water splitting reaction can be obtained
                      from heat produced within the cell. The electric energy
                      demand can be further significantly reduced if high
                      temperature heat from renewable energy sources such as
                      geothermal or solar thermal power or waste heat from
                      industrial processes is available. Furthermore, it is
                      possible with high temperature electrolysis to not only
                      split water but also carbon dioxide or a mixture of both to
                      produce synthesis gas (syngas) or other energy carriers such
                      as methane or methanol by subsequent catalytic conversion.
                      For a further development of this promising technology,
                      development work on materials and cells as well as extensive
                      operational experience is still needed. A main objective is
                      to develop highly efficient and long-term stable cells and
                      stacks using novel electrode materials and to improve the
                      degradation behaviour by elucidating the relevant
                      degradation mechanisms.To this aim, German Aerospace Center
                      (DLR) and Forschungszentrum Jülich (JÜLICH) who have both
                      long experience in the development of SOFC/SOEC technology
                      [1-3] started a joint project in the frame of the
                      “Helmholtz Energy Alliance” on electrochemical energy
                      storage and conversion. Cathode-supported cells containing
                      novel perovskite-type air electrodes were fabricated by
                      ceramic processing and sintering for electrochemical
                      characterisation in electrolysis operating mode. The
                      selection and preparation of electrode materials and the
                      process of cell manufacturing is described. A new test bench
                      has been installed which allows measuring polarisation
                      curves of 4 cells simultaneously under relevant SOFC and
                      SOEC conditions as well as performing long-term durability
                      measurements. The experimental setup for electrochemical
                      cell characterisation is described and results of
                      electrochemical measurements performed at different
                      operational conditions, such as different steam content and
                      operating temperature, are presented. After operation the
                      cells were investigated by post-test analytical methods;
                      hereby special emphasis is put on the detailed investigation
                      of degradation phenomena and mechanisms [4] by applying
                      numerous characterisation techniques as well as the
                      elaboration of mitigation strategies for the degradation
                      processes. References1. Schiller G., Ansar A., Lang M., Patz
                      O., 2009, J. Appl. Electrochem.,vol. 39: pp. 293-3012.
                      Schiller G., Ansar A., Patz O., 2010, Advances in Science
                      and Technology, vol. 72: pp. 135-1433. Tietz F., Buchkremer
                      H.-P., Stöver D., 2002, Solid State Ionics, vol. 152-153:
                      pp. 373-3814. Tietz F., Sebold D., Brisse A., Schefold J.,
                      2013, J. Power Sources, vol. 223: pp. 129-135},
      month         = {Mar},
      date          = {2014-03-12},
      organization  = {European Hydrogen Energy Conference
                       2014, Sevilla (Spain), 12 Mar 2014 - 14
                       Mar 2014},
      cin          = {IEK-1},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-1-20101013},
      pnm          = {123 - Fuel Cells (POF2-123)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF2-123},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)1},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/171853},
}