TY  - JOUR
AU  - Altdorff, Daniel
AU  - Dietrich, Peter
TI  - Delineation of areas with different temporal behavior of soilproperties at a landslide affected Alpine hillside using time-lapseelectromagnetic data
JO  - Environmental earth sciences
VL  - 72
IS  - 5
SN  - 1866-6280
CY  - Berlin
PB  - Springer
M1  - FZJ-2014-05885
SP  - 1357-1366
PY  - 2014
AB  - Landslide activity is largely controlled bychanges in soil properties, particularly soil moisture and thecorresponding changes in pore pressure within the vadosezone. While knowledge of changes in soil conditions is ofutmost importance for the prediction of landslides, it isdifficult to obtain reliable information on the field scale. Apossibility of filling that information gap is the monitoringof changes in soil properties by time-lapse electromagneticinduction (EMI) data. Given the relative stability of soilproperties, changes in apparent electric conductivity (ECa)are mainly related to changes in soil water content and itsmineralization. Thus, we use time-lapse ECa data over anine-month period from different investigation depths(0.75, 1.5, 3, and 6 m) to separate areas with differenttemporal behavior of soil properties. However, workingwith time-lapse EMI data raised the comparability problemsince the recoded ECa is also affected by several dayspecificsurvey conditions (e.g., instrument temperature,operator). Consequently, the reproducibility of accurateECa measurements is difficult due to potential dynamicshifts which hinders a direct comparing. We introduce inthis study a straightforward method for comparability ofECa values from different time steps by normalization ofdata ranges assuming that the majority of shifts of measureddata originate from field calibration. We identify theintensity of spatial changes by means of the standarddeviation (SD) as an indication for the intensity of soilproperties variability. To obtain the temporal changes andits progression over time, we separate the dynamic signalfrom the background. A two-layer system could be identified:one shallow more dynamic layer with an east–westorientedstructure and a deeper, more stationary layer witha north–south-oriented structure. The ECa dynamics of theshallow layer is related to the altitude (R2 = 0.84) whilethe deeper dynamics follow a different regime. Thedecreasing of ECa dynamics with depth was consistentwith the decreasing of SWC dynamics observed by previousstudies.
LB  - PUB:(DE-HGF)16
UR  - <Go to ISI:>//WOS:000341085400005
DO  - DOI:10.1007/s12665-014-3240-7
UR  - https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/172405
ER  -