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@PHDTHESIS{Eiberger:172576,
      author       = {Eiberger, Jan Steffen},
      title        = {{E}ntwicklung von porösen {S}ilica-{M}embranen zur
                      {CO}$_{2}$-{A}btrennung aus dem {R}auchgas fossil befeuerter
                      {K}raftwerke},
      volume       = {237},
      school       = {Ruhr-Universität Bochum},
      type         = {Dissertation},
      address      = {Jülich},
      publisher    = {Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Zentralbibliothek, Verlag},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2014-06039},
      isbn         = {978-3-95806-008-1},
      series       = {Schriften des Forschungszentrums Jülich Reihe Energie $\&$
                      Umwelt / Energy $\&$ Environment},
      pages        = {II, 163 S.},
      year         = {2014},
      note         = {Dissertation, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2014},
      abstract     = {From a global perspective the share of coal in energy
                      production currently grows faster than the share of
                      renewable energy. Carbon dioxide capture and storage from
                      energy-related sources therefore is the key technology to
                      bridge the gap until we have succeeded in establishing a
                      sustainable energy supply. Membrane-based systems to capture
                      CO$_{2}$ from flue gas streams are considered a promising
                      alternative to conventional absorption technology due to
                      potentially lower efficiency penalty. Apart from showing
                      adequate selectivity and permeability, suitable membranes
                      have to be thermally stable and chemically resistant under
                      application conditions. Direct contactwith flue gas
                      irreversibly damages polymer membranes. Ceramic membranes in
                      contrast may have an advantage over polymer membranes
                      because of an assumed superior resistance. Against this
                      background this thesis focuses on the development of a
                      silica-based membrane as well as on the study of its
                      behavior under real flue gas conditions. From a simple point
                      of view the separation task in the flue gas can be reduced
                      to a CO$_{2}$/N$_{2}$ separation. Due to little differences
                      regarding their molecular mass and kinetic diameter,
                      separation of CO$_{2}$ and N$_{2}$ cannot be achieved using
                      molecular sieving or Knudsen diffusion. This research
                      investigates the possibility of CO$_{2}$ selective transport
                      through a silica membrane whose affinity towards CO$_{2}$ is
                      enhanced by amine modification. For this a two-step approach
                      is followed: First the development of a silica layer with
                      suitable pore size and second post-synthesis grafting of
                      aminofunctional silanes on the pore walls. Pore size
                      tailoring is aspired by blending silica sol with a cationic
                      tenside acting as surfactant template molecule. The blended
                      sol is applied on ceramic support disks using a dip-coating
                      process. Thermal treatment leads to the decomposition of
                      template molecules, leaving small mesopores. After thermal
                      treatment the layer thickness is below100 nanometers.
                      Liquid- and gas-phase deposition techniques are employed in
                      post-synthesis grafting of aminofunctional alkoxysilanes on
                      the pore walls of such membranes. Using a binary
                      CO$_{2}$/N$_{2}$ gas mixture to probe the gas permeation
                      characteristics, individual membranes exhibit a relative
                      enrichment of CO$_{2}$ in the permeate stream with respect
                      to the feed from 15 up to 79 vol\% at 30°C and 67 vol\% at
                      90°C. CO$_{2}$ permeance is approximately 1·10$^{-8}$
                      mol·m$^{-2}$·s$^{-1}$·Pa$^{-1}$ which is high in
                      comparison with literature values from similar membranes.
                      However, reproducibility of the postsynthesis grafting
                      process is still limited. In parallel to the membrane
                      development, the degradation behavior of ceramic membranes
                      in direct contact with flue gas is systematically
                      investigated for the first time. For this purpose a test rig
                      is built up in the lignite-fired RWE power station
                      “Kraftwerk Niederaußem” as well as in the hard-coal
                      fired EnBW station “Rheinhafen-Dampfkraftwerk”, in each
                      case after the flue gas desulfurization plant. Membrane
                      alterations caused by the flue gas exposition such as
                      theformation of a filter cake, pore blocking, corrosion and
                      phase transformations are correlated with the particular
                      flue gas conditions and underlying mechanisms are explained.
                      These findings are an important contribution for ongoing,
                      target-oriented membrane development since they allow the
                      development and implementation of specific procedures to
                      prevent membrane degradation.},
      keywords     = {Dissertation (GND)},
      cin          = {IEK-1},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-1-20101013},
      pnm          = {122 - Power Plants (POF2-122)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF2-122},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)3 / PUB:(DE-HGF)11},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/172576},
}