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@ARTICLE{Mller:173113,
      author       = {Müller, Kathrin and Osterman, Natan and Babic, Dusan and
                      Likos, C. N. and Dobnikar, Jure and Nikoubashman, A.},
      title        = {{P}attern {F}ormation and {C}oarse-{G}raining in
                      {T}wo-{D}imensional {C}olloids {D}riven by {M}ultiaxial
                      {M}agnetic {F}ields},
      journal      = {Langmuir},
      volume       = {30(18)},
      issn         = {0743-7463},
      address      = {Washington, DC},
      publisher    = {ACS Publ.},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2014-06526},
      pages        = {5088-5096},
      year         = {2014},
      abstract     = {We study the pattern formation in a two-dimensional system
                      of superparamagnetic colloids interacting via spatially
                      coherent induced interactions driven by an external
                      precessing magnetic field. On the pair level, upon changing
                      the opening angle of the external field, the interactions
                      smoothly vary from purely repulsive (opening angle equal to
                      zero) to purely attractive (time-averaged pair interactions
                      at an opening angle of 90°). In the experiments, we
                      observed ordered hexagonal crystals at the repulsive end and
                      coarsening frothlike structures for purely attractive
                      interactions. In both of these limiting cases, the dense
                      colloidal systems can be sufficiently accurately described
                      by assuming pairwise additivity of the interaction
                      potentials. However, for a range of intermediate angles,
                      pronounced many-body depolarization effects compete with the
                      direct induced interactions, resulting in inherently
                      anisotropic effective interactions. Under such conditions,
                      we observed the decay of hexagonal order with the
                      concomitant formation of short chains and percolated
                      networks of chains coexisting with free colloids. In order
                      to describe and investigate these systems theoretically, we
                      developed a coarse-grained model of a binary mixture of
                      patchy and nonpatchy particles with the ratio of patchy and
                      nonpatchy colloids as the order parameter. Combining genetic
                      algorithms with Monte Carlo simulations, we optimized the
                      model parameters and quantitatively reproduced the
                      experimentally observed sequence of colloidal structures.
                      The results offer new insight into the anisotropy induced by
                      the many-body effects. At the same time, they allow for a
                      very efficient description of the system by means of a
                      pairwise-additive Hamiltonian, whereupon the original,
                      one-component system features a two-component mixture of
                      isotropic and patchy colloids.},
      cin          = {IAS-2 / ICS-2},
      ddc          = {670},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IAS-2-20090406 / I:(DE-Juel1)ICS-2-20110106},
      pnm          = {451 - Soft Matter Composites (POF2-451)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF2-451},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000336020800007},
      pubmed       = {pmid:24742096},
      doi          = {10.1021/la500896e},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/173113},
}