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000173267 1001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aGarcia-Fresnillo, L.$$b0$$eCorresponding Author
000173267 245__ $$aOxidation Behaviour and Microstructural Stability of Alloy 625 During Long-Term Exposure in Steam
000173267 260__ $$aDordrecht [u.a.]$$bSpringer Science + Business Media B.V$$c2014
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000173267 520__ $$aNickel-based alloys are being considered as construction materials for various components in high-efficiency steam turbines with envisaged operating temperatures around 700 °C. In the present study, the steam oxidation behaviour of the nickel-based alloy 625 in the temperature range of 700–800 °C was investigated whereby exposures up to 10000 h were carried out. Gravimetric data in combination with results from a variety of post exposure analysis techniques showed in all cases the formation of protective oxide scales mainly consisting of chromia with minor amounts of outer Cr/Mn spinel and internal silica. The phases found in the bulk alloy after long-term exposure were mainly needle-shaped δ-Ni3(Nb,Mo) phase, μ-phase and Si-rich η-M6C carbide. Microstructural features and phase formation were found to be related to minor variations in the alloy composition, especially iron and silicon content. The oxidation-induced chromium depletion caused a number of microstructural changes in the subsurface depletion layer. Most important was an enrichment of the intermetallic δ-phase at the scale–alloy interface. DICTRA modelling revealed this effect to be caused by uphill diffusion as a result of a negative niobium activity gradient in the subscale chromium depletion zone. Although the available kinetic and thermodynamic data allowed qualitative explanation of the δ-phase enrichment, the databases do not correctly describe the high molybdenum solubility in the δ-phase.
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000173267 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)129701$$aChyrkin, Anton$$b1$$ufzj
000173267 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aBoehme, C.$$b2
000173267 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aBarnikel, J.$$b3
000173267 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aSchmitz, F.$$b4
000173267 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)129782$$aQuadakkers, Willem J.$$b5$$ufzj
000173267 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2015305-3$$a10.1007/s10853-014-8344-7$$n17$$p6127-6142$$tJournal of materials science$$v49$$x0022-2461$$y2014
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000173267 9132_ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF3-111$$1G:(DE-HGF)POF3-110$$2G:(DE-HGF)POF3-100$$aDE-HGF$$bForschungsbereich Energie$$lEnergieeffizienz, Materialien und Ressourcen$$vEfficient and Flexible Power Plants$$x0
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