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100 1 _ |a Garcia-Fresnillo, L.
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245 _ _ |a Oxidation Behaviour and Microstructural Stability of Alloy 625 During Long-Term Exposure in Steam
260 _ _ |a Dordrecht [u.a.]
|c 2014
|b Springer Science + Business Media B.V
336 7 _ |a Journal Article
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520 _ _ |a Nickel-based alloys are being considered as construction materials for various components in high-efficiency steam turbines with envisaged operating temperatures around 700 °C. In the present study, the steam oxidation behaviour of the nickel-based alloy 625 in the temperature range of 700–800 °C was investigated whereby exposures up to 10000 h were carried out. Gravimetric data in combination with results from a variety of post exposure analysis techniques showed in all cases the formation of protective oxide scales mainly consisting of chromia with minor amounts of outer Cr/Mn spinel and internal silica. The phases found in the bulk alloy after long-term exposure were mainly needle-shaped δ-Ni3(Nb,Mo) phase, μ-phase and Si-rich η-M6C carbide. Microstructural features and phase formation were found to be related to minor variations in the alloy composition, especially iron and silicon content. The oxidation-induced chromium depletion caused a number of microstructural changes in the subsurface depletion layer. Most important was an enrichment of the intermetallic δ-phase at the scale–alloy interface. DICTRA modelling revealed this effect to be caused by uphill diffusion as a result of a negative niobium activity gradient in the subscale chromium depletion zone. Although the available kinetic and thermodynamic data allowed qualitative explanation of the δ-phase enrichment, the databases do not correctly describe the high molybdenum solubility in the δ-phase.
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700 1 _ |a Chyrkin, Anton
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700 1 _ |a Boehme, C.
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700 1 _ |a Barnikel, J.
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700 1 _ |a Schmitz, F.
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700 1 _ |a Quadakkers, Willem J.
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773 _ _ |a 10.1007/s10853-014-8344-7
|0 PERI:(DE-600)2015305-3
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|t Journal of materials science
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