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@INPROCEEDINGS{Lmmel:173297,
      author       = {Lämmel, Gregor and Steffen, Bernhard and Seyfried, Armin},
      title        = {{L}arge scale and microscopic: a fast simulation approach
                      for urban areas},
      address      = {Washington},
      publisher    = {Transportation Research Board Annual Meeting Online},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2014-06708},
      pages        = {14-3890},
      year         = {2014},
      note         = {diese pdf-Datei darf NICHT open access werden, die Autoren
                      haben auch dem online-Proceedingsband keine Genehmigung zur
                      freien Verfügbarkeit erteilt.},
      comment      = {2014 TRB Annual Meeting Proceedings},
      booktitle     = {2014 TRB Annual Meeting Proceedings},
      abstract     = {Agent based pedestrian simulation models can be
                      distinguished by their granularity. Models that consider the
                      simulation environment as a two dimensional continuous space
                      and perform the simulation in small time steps are usually
                      called microscopic, while models that still represent
                      individual persons but rely on a coarser abstraction of the
                      real world or often called mesoscopic. Macroscopic models
                      only use densities or groups of persons. In many situations
                      a coarse representation is to favor over a finer one because
                      (i) less data has to be collected and processed in order to
                      setup a simulation scenario and (ii) a coarser simulation
                      model usually is less consuming in terms of computational
                      costs compared to a coarser model. Nevertheless, there are
                      still situations where a microscopic simulation is needed
                      and wanted. Examples are crossing pedestrian streams,
                      bidirectional flows at high densities, and the simulation of
                      pedestrians with multiple destinations (e.g. pedestrian
                      movement in shopping malls). One approach that takes
                      advantage of both kinds of models is a hybrid combination in
                      which a microscopic model is applied where needed and a
                      mesoscopic model where plausible. When coupling different
                      models one requirement is that dynamic properties like flow,
                      density and speed are conserved over the models’
                      boundaries. This work focuses on the hybrid combination of a
                      mesoscopic queuing model and a microscopic model that is
                      based on considering obstacles in velocity space. The main
                      contribution of this work is a method for a hybrid coupling
                      that guaranties dynamic properties like flow, density and
                      speed are conserved over the models’ boundaries.
                      Furthermore, an efficient way to represent the simulation
                      environment and retrieve dynamic information is discussed.
                      The performance of the proposed model is shown based on a
                      hypothetical large-scale scenario.},
      month         = {Jan},
      date          = {2014-01-12},
      organization  = {Transportation Research Board 93th
                       Annual Meeting, Washington D.C. (USA),
                       12 Jan 2014 - 16 Jan 2014},
      cin          = {JSC},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)JSC-20090406},
      pnm          = {411 - Computational Science and Mathematical Methods
                      (POF2-411)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF2-411},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)8 / PUB:(DE-HGF)7},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/173297},
}