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001     17546
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024 7 _ |a 10.1029/2011JD017267
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024 7 _ |a 0141-8637
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037 _ _ |a PreJuSER-17546
041 _ _ |a eng
082 _ _ |a 550
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|a Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
100 1 _ |a Plöger, F.
|0 P:(DE-Juel1)129141
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245 _ _ |a Horizontal transport affecting trace gas seasonality in the Tropical Tropopause Layer (TTL)
260 _ _ |c 2012
|a Washington, DC
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300 _ _ |a D09303
336 7 _ |a Journal Article
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440 _ 0 |a Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres
|x 0148-0227
|0 6393
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|v 117
500 _ _ |3 POF3_Assignment on 2016-02-29
500 _ _ |a We thank M. Volk and Bill Randel for helpful discussions and the ECMWF for providing the reanalysis data. F. Ploeger thanks COST for funding a Short Term Scientific Mission at DAMTP/Cambridge.
520 _ _ |a We analyze horizontal transport from midlatitudes into the tropics (in-mixing) and its impact on seasonal variations of ozone, carbon monoxide and water vapor in the Tropical Tropopause Layer (TTL). For this purpose, we use three-dimensional backward trajectories, driven by ECMWF ERA-Interim winds, and a conceptual one-dimensional model of the chemical composition of the TTL. We find that the fraction of in-mixed midlatitude air shows an annual cycle with maximum during NH summer, resulting from the superposition of two inversely phased annual cycles for in-mixing from the NH and SH, respectively. In-mixing is driven by the monsoonal upper-level anticyclonic circulations. This circulation pattern is dominated by the Southeast Asian summer monsoon and, correspondingly, in-mixing shows an annual cycle. The impact of in-mixing on TTL mixing ratios depends on the in-mixed fraction of midlatitude air and on the meridional gradient of the particular species. For CO the meridional gradient and consequently the effect of in-mixing is weak. For water vapor, in-mixing effects are negligible. For ozone, the meridional gradient is large and the contribution of in-mixing to the ozone maximum during NH summer is about 50%. This in-mixing contribution is not sensitive to the tropical ascent velocity, which is about 40% too fast in ERA-Interim. As photochemically produced ozone in the TTL shows no distinct summer maximum, the ozone annual anomaly in the upper TTL turns out to be mainly forced by in-mixing of ozone-rich extratropical air during NH summer.
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700 1 _ |a Konopka, P.
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700 1 _ |a Müller, R.
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700 1 _ |a Fueglistaler, S.
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700 1 _ |a Schmidt, T.
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700 1 _ |a Manners, J.C.
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700 1 _ |a Grooß, J.-U.
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700 1 _ |a Günther, G.
|0 P:(DE-Juel1)129123
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700 1 _ |a Riese, M.
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856 7 _ |u http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011JD017267
856 4 _ |u https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/17546/files/jgrd17860.pdf
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