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@ARTICLE{Wolf:18198,
      author       = {Wolf, S. and Leiterer, J. and Pipich, V. and Barrea, R. and
                      Emmerling, F. and Tremel, W.},
      title        = {{S}trong stabilization of liquid amorphous calcium
                      carbonate by ovalbumin: gaining insight into the mechanism
                      of 'polymer-induced liquid precursor' processes},
      journal      = {Journal of the American Chemical Society},
      volume       = {133},
      issn         = {0002-7863},
      address      = {Washington, DC},
      publisher    = {American Chemical Society},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-18198},
      pages        = {12642 - 12649},
      year         = {2011},
      note         = {We thank Simone Rolf and Ralf Bienert (BAM) for technical
                      support at the beamline. We are much obliged to Frederic
                      Mann and Ute Schlossmacher for assistance in IG labeling and
                      fruitful discussions. We are grateful to the Deutsche
                      Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) for support within the priority
                      program No. 1415: "Kristalline Nichtgleichgewichtsphasen".
                      S.E.W.gratefully acknowledges the Konrad Adenauer Foundation
                      for a doctoral fellowship. We thank the BioCAT team at the
                      Advanced Photon Source for excellent support during XAS
                      experiments, and we are grateful to Dr. David Gore for his
                      careful revision of the English style. Use of the Advanced
                      Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility operated
                      for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science
                      by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S.
                      DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. BioCAT is a
                      National Institutes of Health-supported Research Center
                      RR-08630.},
      abstract     = {The impact of the ovo proteins ovalbumin and
                      lysozyme--present in the first stage of egg shell
                      formation--on the homogeneous formation of the liquid
                      amorphous calcium carbonate (LACC) precursor, was studied by
                      a combination of complementing methods: in situ WAXS, SANS,
                      XANES, TEM, and immunogold labeling. Lysozyme (pI = 9.3)
                      destabilizes the LACC emulsion whereas the glycoprotein
                      ovalbumin (pI = 4.7) extends the lifespan of the emulsified
                      state remarkably. In the light of the presented data: (a)
                      Ovalbumin is shown to behave commensurable to the
                      'polymer-induced liquid precursor' (PILP) process proposed
                      by Gower et al. Ovalbumin can be assumed to take a key role
                      during eggshell formation where it serves as an effective
                      stabilization agent for transient precursors and prevents
                      undirected mineralization of the eggshell. (b) It is further
                      shown that the emulsified LACC carries a negative surface
                      charge and is electrostatically stabilized. (c) We propose
                      that the liquid amorphous calcium carbonate is affected by
                      polymers by depletion stabilization and de-emulsification
                      rather than 'induced' by acidic proteins and polymers during
                      a so-called polymer-induced liquid-precursor process. The
                      original PILP coating effect, first reported by Gower et
                      al., appears to be a result of a de-emulsification process
                      of a stabilized LACC phase. The behavior of the liquid
                      amorphous carbonate phase and the polymer-induced
                      liquid-precursor phase itself can be well described by
                      colloid chemical terms: electrostatic and depletion
                      stabilization and de-emulsification by depletion
                      destabilization.},
      keywords     = {Animals / Calcium Carbonate: chemistry / Calcium Carbonate:
                      metabolism / Chickens / Crystallization / Egg Shell:
                      chemistry / Egg Shell: metabolism / Emulsions: chemistry /
                      Emulsions: metabolism / Muramidase: chemistry / Muramidase:
                      metabolism / Ovalbumin: chemistry / Ovalbumin: metabolism /
                      Emulsions (NLM Chemicals) / Calcium Carbonate (NLM
                      Chemicals) / Ovalbumin (NLM Chemicals) / Muramidase (NLM
                      Chemicals) / J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {ICS-1 / JCNS (München) ; Jülich Centre for Neutron
                      Science JCNS (München) ; JCNS-FRM-II / JCNS-1 / JCNS-2},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)ICS-1-20110106 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)JCNS-FRM-II-20110218 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)JCNS-1-20110106 / I:(DE-Juel1)JCNS-2-20110106},
      pnm          = {BioSoft: Makromolekulare Systeme und biologische
                      Informationsverarbeitung / Großgeräte für die Forschung
                      mit Photonen, Neutronen und Ionen (PNI)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK505 / G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK415},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-MLZ)KWS1-20140101},
      shelfmark    = {Chemistry, Multidisciplinary},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:21736300},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC3170880},
      UT           = {WOS:000294740000061},
      doi          = {10.1021/ja202622g},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/18198},
}