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@ARTICLE{The:185503,
      author       = {The, D. and Grieshammer, S. and Schroeder, M. and Martin,
                      M. and Al Daroukh, M. and Tietz, F. and Schefold, J. and
                      Brisse, A.},
      title        = {{M}icrostructural comparison of solid oxide electrolyser
                      cells operated for 6100 h and 9000 h},
      journal      = {Journal of power sources},
      volume       = {275},
      issn         = {0378-7753},
      address      = {New York, NY [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2014-06930},
      pages        = {901 - 911},
      year         = {2015},
      abstract     = {Solid oxide electrolyser cells (SOEC) operated for 6100 h
                      and 9000 h with a current density of −0.75 and −1 A/cm2,
                      respectively, were analyzed and compared with a non-operated
                      cell. The cathode-supported cells consisted of an 8 μm
                      thick Ni/8YSZ cermet as hydrogen cathode, a 10 μm thick
                      8YSZ electrolyte, a screen-printed Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9 diffusion
                      barrier with a thickness of 5 μm and a 30 μm thick
                      La0.58Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3 layer as oxygen anode.The cells were
                      investigated by various electron microscopy as well as
                      microanalytical techniques. The post-test analyses showed
                      several degradation phenomena such as formation of
                      nano-sized pores at grain boundaries, formation of SrZrO3 at
                      the interface electrolyte/anode and agglomeration of nickel
                      particles in the cathode. Comparisons of the operated cells
                      with the non-operated cell indicate that nickel depletion in
                      the cathode is responsible for a loss of performance since
                      this depletion leads to a significant enlargement of
                      electrolyte thickness. Analysis of these cells leads to the
                      conclusion that two mass transport processes in the
                      electrolyte caused by different driving forces are the main
                      reason of the cell performance loss: at the cathode side,
                      the electrical potential gradient appears to govern the
                      formation of pores, while at the anode side, formation of
                      SrZrO3 generates a chemical potential gradient causing the
                      cations to migrate against the direction of the electric
                      field.},
      cin          = {IEK-1},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-1-20101013},
      pnm          = {134 - Electrolysis and Hydrogen (POF3-134)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-134},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000348088400113},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.10.188},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/185503},
}