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@ARTICLE{Flemming:185521,
      author       = {Flemming, J. and Huijnen, V. and Arteta, J. and Bechtold,
                      P. and Beljaars, A. and Blechschmidt, A.-M. and Josse, B.
                      and Diamantakis, M. and Engelen, R. J. and Gaudel, A. and
                      Inness, A. and Jones, L. and Katragkou, E. and Marecal, V.
                      and Peuch, V.-H. and Richter, A. and Schultz, Martin and
                      Stein, O. and Tsikerdekis, A.},
      title        = {{T}ropospheric chemistry in the integrated forecasting
                      system of {ECMWF}},
      journal      = {Geoscientific model development discussions},
      volume       = {7},
      number       = {6},
      issn         = {1991-962X},
      address      = {Katlenburg-Lindau},
      publisher    = {Copernicus},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2014-06948},
      pages        = {7733 - 7803},
      year         = {2014},
      abstract     = {A representation of atmospheric chemistry has been included
                      in the Integrated Forecasting System (IFS) of the European
                      Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). The new
                      chemistry modules complement the aerosol modules of the IFS
                      for atmospheric composition, which is named C-IFS. C-IFS for
                      chemistry supersedes a coupled system, in which the Chemical
                      Transport Model (CTM) Model for OZone and Related chemical
                      Tracers 3 was two-way coupled to the IFS (IFS-MOZART). This
                      paper contains a description of the new on-line
                      implementation, an evaluation with observations and a
                      comparison of the performance of C-IFS with MOZART and with
                      a re-analysis of atmospheric composition produced by
                      IFS-MOZART within the Monitoring Atmospheric Composition and
                      Climate (MACC) project. The chemical mechanism of C-IFS is
                      an extended version of the Carbon Bond 2005 (CB05) chemical
                      mechanism as implemented in the CTM Transport Model 5 (TM5).
                      CB05 describes tropospheric chemistry with 54 species and
                      126 reactions. Wet deposition and lightning nitrogen
                      monoxide (NO) emissions are modelled in C-IFS using the
                      detailed input of the IFS physics package. A one-year
                      simulation by C-IFS, MOZART and the MACC re-analysis is
                      evaluated against ozonesondes, carbon monoxide (CO) aircraft
                      profiles, European surface observations of ozone (O3), CO,
                      sulphur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) as well as
                      satellite retrievals of CO, tropospheric NO2 and
                      formaldehyde. Anthropogenic emissions from the MACC/CityZen
                      (MACCity) inventory and biomass burning emissions from the
                      Global Fire Assimilation System (GFAS) data set were used in
                      the simulations by both C-IFS and MOZART. C-IFS (CB05)
                      showed an improved performance with respect to MOZART for
                      CO, upper tropospheric O3, winter time SO2 and was of a
                      similar accuracy for other evaluated species. C-IFS (CB05)
                      is about ten times more computationally efficient than
                      IFS-MOZART.},
      cin          = {IEK-8 / JSC},
      ddc          = {910},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-8-20101013 / I:(DE-Juel1)JSC-20090406},
      pnm          = {233 - Trace gas and aerosol processes in the troposphere
                      (POF2-233)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF2-233},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      doi          = {10.5194/gmdd-7-7733-2014},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/185521},
}