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@ARTICLE{Kardynal:185878,
      author       = {Kardynal, Beata and Xi, Li and Cho, Deok-Yong and Duchamp,
                      Martial and Boothroyd, Christopher Brian and Lek, Jun Yan
                      and Besmehn, Astrid and Waser, R. and Lam, Yeng Ming},
      title        = {{U}nderstanding the role of single molecular {Z}n{S}
                      precursors in the synthesis of {I}n({Z}n){P}/{Z}n{S}
                      nanocrystals},
      journal      = {ACS applied materials $\&$ interfaces},
      volume       = {6},
      number       = {20},
      issn         = {1944-8244},
      address      = {Washington, DC},
      publisher    = {Soc.},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2015-00015},
      pages        = {18233–18242},
      year         = {2014},
      abstract     = {Environmentally friendly nanocrystals (NCs) such as InP are
                      in demand for various applications, such as biomedical
                      labeling, solar cells, sensors, and light-emitting diodes
                      (LEDs). To fulfill their potential applications, the
                      synthesis of such high-quality “green” InP NCs required
                      further improvement so as to achieve better stability,
                      higher brightness NCs, and also to have a more robust
                      synthesis route. The present study addresses our efforts on
                      the synthesis of high-quality In(Zn)P/ZnS core–shell NCs
                      using an air- and moisture-stable ZnS single molecular
                      precursor (SMP) and In(Zn)P cores. The SMP method has
                      recently emerged as a promising route for the surface
                      overcoating of NCs due to its simplicity, high
                      reproducibility, low reaction temperature, and flexibility
                      in controlling the reaction. The synthesis involved heating
                      the In(Zn)P core solution and Zn(S2CNR2) (where R = methyl,
                      ethyl, butyl, or benzyl and referred to as ZDMT, ZDET, ZDBT,
                      or ZDBzT, respectively) in oleylamine (OLA) to 90–250 °C
                      for 0.5–2.5 h. In this work, we systematically studied the
                      influence of different SMP end groups, the complex formation
                      and stability between the SMP and oleylamine (OLA), the
                      reaction temperature, and the amount of SMP on the synthesis
                      of high-quality In(Zn)P/ZnS NCs. We found that thiocarbamate
                      end groups are an important factor contributing to the
                      low-temperature growth of high-quality In(Zn)P/ZnS NCs, as
                      the end groups affect the polarity of the molecules and
                      result in a different steric arrangement. We found that use
                      of SMP with bulky end groups (ZDBzT) results in nanocrystals
                      with higher photoluminescence quantum yield (PL QY) and
                      better dispersibility than those synthesized with SMPs with
                      the shorter alkyl chain groups (ZDMT, ZDET, or ZDBT). At the
                      optimal conditions, the PL QY of red emission In(Zn)P/ZnS
                      NCs is 55 ± $4\%,$ which is one of the highest values
                      reported. On the basis of structural (XAS, XPS, XRD, TEM)
                      and optical characterization, we propose a mechanism for the
                      growth of a ZnS shell on an In(Zn)P core.},
      cin          = {PGI-9 / ZEA-3 / JARA-FIT / PGI-7 / PGI-5},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-9-20110106 / I:(DE-Juel1)ZEA-3-20090406 /
                      $I:(DE-82)080009_20140620$ / I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-7-20110106 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-5-20110106},
      pnm          = {423 - Sensorics and bioinspired systems (POF2-423) /
                      NWS4LIGHT - Nanowires for solid state lighting (280773) /
                      42G - Peter Grünberg-Centre (PG-C) (POF2-42G41)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF2-423 / G:(EU-Grant)280773 /
                      G:(DE-HGF)POF2-42G41},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000343684200107},
      pubmed       = {25252171},
      doi          = {10.1021/am504988j},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/185878},
}