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@ARTICLE{Fanourakis:185940,
      author       = {Fanourakis, Dimitrios and Giday, H. and Milla, R. and
                      Pieruschka, R. and Kjaer, K. H. and Bolger, M. and
                      Vasilevski, A. and Nunes-Nesi, A. and Fiorani, F. and
                      Ottosen, C.-O.},
      title        = {{P}ore size regulates operating stomatal conductance, while
                      stomatal densities drive the partitioning of conductance
                      between leaf sides},
      journal      = {Annals of botany},
      volume       = {115},
      number       = {4},
      issn         = {1095-8290},
      address      = {Oxford},
      publisher    = {Oxford University Press},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2015-00064},
      pages        = {555-565},
      year         = {2015},
      abstract     = {Background and Aims Leaf gas exchange is influenced by
                      stomatal size, density, distribution between the leaf
                      adaxial and abaxial sides, as well as by pore dimensions.
                      This study aims to quantify which of these traits mainly
                      underlie genetic differences in operating stomatal
                      conductance (gs) and addresses possible links between
                      anatomical traits and regulation of pore width.Methods
                      Stomatal responsiveness to desiccation, gs-related
                      anatomical traits of each leaf side and estimated gs (based
                      on these traits) were determined for 54 introgression lines
                      (ILs) generated by introgressing segments of Solanum
                      pennelli into the S. lycopersicum ‘M82’. A quantitative
                      trait locus (QTL) analysis for stomatal traits was also
                      performed.Key Results A wide genetic variation in stomatal
                      responsiveness to desiccation was observed, a large part of
                      which was explained by stomatal length. Operating gs ranged
                      over a factor of five between ILs. The pore area per
                      stomatal area varied 8-fold among ILs (2–16 $\%),$ and was
                      the main determinant of differences in operating gs between
                      ILs. Operating gs was primarily positioned on the abaxial
                      surface (60–83 $\%),$ due to higher abaxial stomatal
                      density and, secondarily, to larger abaxial pore area. An
                      analysis revealed 64 QTLs for stomatal traits in the ILs,
                      most of which were in the direction of S.
                      pennellii.Conclusions The data indicate that operating and
                      maximum gs of non-stressed leaves maintained under stable
                      conditions deviate considerably (by 45–91 $\%),$ because
                      stomatal size inadequately reflects operating pore area
                      (R2 = 0·46). Furthermore, it was found that variation
                      between ILs in both stomatal sensitivity to desiccation and
                      operating gs is associated with features of individual
                      stoma. In contrast, genotypic variation in gs partitioning
                      depends on the distribution of stomata between the leaf
                      adaxial and abaxial epidermis.},
      cin          = {IBG-2},
      ddc          = {580},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-2-20101118},
      pnm          = {582 - Plant Science (POF3-582) / EPPN - European Plant
                      Phenotyping Network (284443)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-582 / G:(EU-Grant)284443},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000354066600001},
      pubmed       = {pmid:25538116},
      doi          = {10.1093/aob/mcu247},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/185940},
}