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@ARTICLE{Yan:186619,
      author       = {Yan, Z. and Martin, C. L. and Guillon, Olivier and Bouvard,
                      D. and Lee, C. S.},
      title        = {{M}icrostructure evolution during the co-sintering of
                      {N}i/{B}a{T}i{O}$_{3}$ multilayer ceramic capacitors modeled
                      by discrete element simulations},
      journal      = {Journal of the European Ceramic Society},
      volume       = {34},
      number       = {13},
      issn         = {0955-2219},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2015-00692},
      pages        = {3167 - 3179},
      year         = {2014},
      abstract     = {Electrode discontinuities are a critical issue for
                      manufacturing ultrathin multilayer ceramic capacitors
                      (MLCCs). The Discrete Element Method is used to simulate, at
                      the particle length scale, the microstructure evolution
                      during the co-sintering of state-of-the-art nickel
                      based-MLCCs. Electrode discontinuities are considered to
                      originate from the heterogeneities in the initial powder
                      packing and to grow because of the constraint imposed by
                      adjacent dielectric layers. A parametric study demonstrates
                      that: (i) fast heating rate leads to lower electrode
                      discontinuity during heating, (ii) green density and
                      thickness of the electrode should be optimized to improve
                      the electrode connectivity, (iii) rearrangement of the
                      nickel particles plays a significant role in electrode
                      discontinuity, and (iv) the addition of non-sintering
                      inclusions can improve the electrode connectivity. These
                      findings can be generalized to other multilayer components.},
      cin          = {IEK-1},
      ddc          = {660},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-1-20101013},
      pnm          = {899 - ohne Topic (POF2-899)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF2-899},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000338621600004},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2014.04.013},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/186619},
}