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@ARTICLE{Hens:187193,
      author       = {Hens, K. and Novelli, A. and Martinez, M. and Auld, J. and
                      Axinte, R. and Bohn, B. and Fischer, H. and Keronen, P. and
                      Kubistin, D. and Nölscher, A. C. and Oswald, R. and
                      Paasonen, P. and Petäjä, T. and Regelin, E. and Sander, R.
                      and Sinha, V. and Sipilä, M. and Taraborrelli, D. and Tatum
                      Ernest, C. and Williams, J. and Lelieveld, J. and Harder,
                      H.},
      title        = {{O}bservation and modelling of {HO}x radicals in a boreal
                      forest},
      journal      = {Atmospheric chemistry and physics},
      volume       = {14},
      number       = {16},
      issn         = {1680-7324},
      address      = {Katlenburg-Lindau},
      publisher    = {EGU},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2015-00867},
      pages        = {8723 - 8747},
      year         = {2014},
      abstract     = {Measurements of OH and HO2 radicals were conducted in a
                      pine-dominated forest in southern Finland during the
                      HUMPPA-COPEC-2010 (Hyytiälä United Measurements of
                      Photochemistry and Particles in Air – Comprehensive
                      Organic Precursor Emission and Concentration study) field
                      campaign in summer 2010. Simultaneous side-by-side
                      measurements of hydroxyl radicals were conducted with two
                      instruments using chemical ionization mass spectrometry
                      (CIMS) and laser-induced fluorescence (LIF), indicating
                      small systematic disagreement, OHLIF / OHCIMS = (1.31 ±
                      0.14). Subsequently, the LIF instrument was moved to the top
                      of a 20 m tower, just above the canopy, to investigate the
                      radical chemistry at the ecosystem–atmosphere interface.
                      Comprehensive measurements including observations of many
                      volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and the total OH
                      reactivity were conducted and analysed using steady-state
                      calculations as well as an observationally constrained box
                      model.Production rates of OH calculated from measured OH
                      precursors are consistent with those derived from the
                      steady-state assumption and measured total OH loss under
                      conditions of moderate OH reactivity. The primary photolytic
                      sources of OH contribute up to one-third to the total OH
                      production. OH recycling, which occurs mainly by HO2
                      reacting with NO and O3, dominates the total hydroxyl
                      radical production in this boreal forest. Box model
                      simulations agree with measurements for hydroxyl radicals
                      (OHmod. / OHobs. = 1.00 ± 0.16), while HO2 mixing ratios
                      are significantly under-predicted (HO2mod. / HO2obs. = 0.3
                      ± 0.2), and simulated OH reactivity does not match the
                      observed OH reactivity. The simultaneous under-prediction of
                      HO2 and OH reactivity in periods in which OH concentrations
                      were simulated realistically suggests that the missing OH
                      reactivity is an unaccounted-for source of HO2.Detailed
                      analysis of the HOx production, loss, and recycling pathways
                      suggests that in periods of high total OH reactivity there
                      are additional recycling processes forming OH directly, not
                      via reaction of HO2 with NO or O3, or unaccounted-for
                      primary HOx sources. Under conditions of moderate observed
                      OH reactivity and high actinic flux, an additional RO2
                      source of approximately 1 × 106 molec cm−3 s−1 would be
                      required to close the radical budget. Nevertheless, a major
                      fraction of the OH recycling occurs via the reaction of HO2
                      with NO and O3 in this terpene-dominated environment.},
      cin          = {IEK-8},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-8-20101013},
      pnm          = {233 - Trace gas and aerosol processes in the troposphere
                      (POF2-233)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF2-233},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000341991600029},
      doi          = {10.5194/acp-14-8723-2014},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/187193},
}