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@INPROCEEDINGS{MllerLinow:187305,
      author       = {Müller-Linow, Mark and Pinto, Francisco and Olbertz, Luka
                      Alexandra and Rascher, Uwe},
      title        = {{S}tructural properties of natural plant populations:
                      assessing canopy traits with a novel software tool},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2015-00976},
      year         = {2014},
      abstract     = {Three-dimensional canopies form complex architectures with
                      temporally and spatially changing leaf orientations.
                      Variations in canopy structure are linked to canopy function
                      and they occur within the scope of genetic variability as
                      well as a reaction to environmental factor like light, water
                      and nutrient supply, and stress. An important key measure to
                      characterize these structural properties is the leaf angle
                      distribution, which in turn requires the 3-dimensional
                      knowledge on single leaf surface. A suitable approach is
                      stereo imaging, which combines depth and color information
                      and which is robust against wind and bright sun light. We
                      developed a software package, which provides tools for the
                      quantification of leaf surface properties within natural
                      canopies via 3-d reconstruction from stereo images. Our
                      approach includes a semi-automatic selection process of
                      single leaves and different modes of surface
                      characterization via polygon smoothing or surface model
                      fitting. In a case study in the central experiment of
                      CropSense.net at Campus Klein-Altendorf we monitored the
                      seasonal development of sugar beet populations in order to
                      investigate seasonal, genotypic and fertilization effects on
                      leaf angle distributions. We could show that leaf angle
                      distributions change during the course of the season with
                      all varieties having a comparable development. Additionally,
                      different varieties exhibited distinctive leaf angle
                      orientation that could be separated in principle component
                      analysis. In contrast nitrogen treatment had no effect on
                      leaf angles. Stereo imaging together with the appropriate
                      image processing tools is not only capable of retrieving the
                      geometric leaf surface properties within a crop canopy, it
                      also provides a basis for the analysis of other structural
                      properties. We will show the potential with an example of
                      fruit distributions and dimensions in apple orchards.},
      month         = {Sep},
      date          = {2014-09-29},
      organization  = {Plant Phenotyping: Concepts; Sensors
                       and Applications - International
                       Crop.SENSe.net Symposium, Bonn
                       (Germany), 29 Sep 2014 - 1 Oct 2014},
      subtyp        = {Other},
      cin          = {IBG-2},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-2-20101118},
      pnm          = {89582 - Plant Science (POF2-89582) / DPPN - Deutsches
                      Pflanzen Phänotypisierungsnetzwerk (BMBF-031A053A)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF2-89582 / G:(DE-Juel1)BMBF-031A053A},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)6},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/187305},
}