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@ARTICLE{Buchholz:188472,
      author       = {Buchholz, B. and Afchine, Armin and Ebert, V.},
      title        = {{R}apid, optical measurement of the atmospheric pressure on
                      a fast research aircraft using open-path {TDLAS}},
      journal      = {Atmospheric measurement techniques},
      volume       = {7},
      issn         = {1867-1381},
      address      = {Katlenburg-Lindau},
      publisher    = {Copernicus},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2015-01847},
      pages        = {3653-3666},
      year         = {2014},
      abstract     = {Because of the high travel speed, the complex flow dynamics
                      around an aircraft, and the complex dependency of the fluid
                      dynamics on numerous airborne parameters, it is quite
                      difficult to obtain accurate pressure values at a specific
                      instrument location of an aircraft's fuselage. Complex
                      simulations using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models
                      can in theory computationally "transfer" pressure values
                      from one location to another. However, for long flight
                      patterns, this process is inconvenient and cumbersome.
                      Furthermore, these CFD transfer models require a local
                      experimental validation, which is rarely available.In this
                      paper, we describe an integrated approach for a
                      spectroscopic, calibration-free, in-flight pressure
                      determination in an open-path White cell on an aircraft
                      fuselage using ambient, atmospheric water vapour as the
                      "sensor species". The presented measurements are realised
                      with the HAI (Hygrometer for Atmospheric Investigations)
                      instrument, built for multiphase water detection via
                      calibration-free TDLAS (tunable diode laser absorption
                      spectroscopy). The pressure determination is based on raw
                      data used for H2O concentration measurement, but with a
                      different post-flight evaluation method, and can therefore
                      be conducted at deferred time intervals on any desired
                      flight track.The spectroscopic pressure is compared
                      in-flight with the static ambient pressure of the aircraft
                      avionic system and a micro-mechanical pressure sensor,
                      located next to the open-path cell, over a pressure range
                      from 150 to 800 hPa, and a water vapour concentration range
                      of more than 3 orders of magnitude. The correlation between
                      the micro-mechanical pressure sensor measurements and the
                      spectroscopic pressure measurements shows an average
                      deviation from linearity of only $0.14\%$ and a small offset
                      of 9.5 hPa. For the spectroscopic pressure evaluation we
                      derive measurement uncertainties under laboratory conditions
                      of 3.2 and $5.1\%$ during in-flight operation on the HALO
                      airplane. Under certain flight conditions we quantified, for
                      the first time, stalling-induced, dynamic pressure
                      deviations of up to $30\%$ (at 200 hPa) between the avionic
                      sensor and the optical and mechanical pressure sensors
                      integrated in HAI. Such severe local pressure deviations
                      from the typically used avionic pressure are important to
                      take into account for other airborne sensors employed on
                      such fast flying platforms as the HALO aircraft.},
      cin          = {IEK-7},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-7-20101013},
      pnm          = {234 - Composition and Dynamics of the Upper Troposphere and
                      Stratosphere (POF2-234)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF2-234},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000345781000003},
      doi          = {10.5194/amt-7-3653-2014},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/188472},
}