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@INPROCEEDINGS{Meyes:188883,
      author       = {Meyes, Richard and Ito, Junji and Grün, Sonja},
      collaboration = {Yamane, Yukako and Tamura, Hiroshi and Fujita, Ichiro},
      title        = {{S}accade {R}elated {L}ayer {S}pecific {L}ocal {F}ield
                      {P}o-tential {A}ctivity in {M}acaque {V}1 during
                      {F}ree{V}iewing},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2015-02184},
      year         = {2015},
      abstract     = {Primates perform frequent saccadic eye movements (SEMs) to
                      sample visual information from theirenvironment. These SEMs
                      are accompanied in the primary visual cortex (V1) by local
                      fieldpotential (LFP) modulations that precede the arrival of
                      the visual input [Ito et al. (2011) CerebCortex
                      21:2482-97].In the present study we aim to elucidate how the
                      SEM related LFP modulations depend on theproperties of
                      visual input during saccades. For this purpose, we presented
                      stationary, full-fieldgrating stimuli to an awake macaque
                      monkey, who freely explored the stimuli with
                      voluntarysaccadic eye movements. Eye movements were recorded
                      with a scleral eye coil and the LFP fromV1 with a 24-channel
                      linear electrode array. We identified SEM related LFP
                      modulations byaveraging the LFP signal aligned to the onsets
                      of saccades and subsequent fixations, andreconstructed the
                      corresponding current source density (CSD) signal (Figure a
                      and b) from the LFPvia the inverse CSD method [Pettersen et
                      al. (2006) J Neurosci Meth 154:116–33]. For acomparison we
                      also computed the average LFP and CSD signal aligned to the
                      onset of the stimulusimages preceded by fixation on a
                      central fixation spot (Figure c).The monkey preferred to
                      perform saccades in the direction parallel to the stripes of
                      the stimulusimage. Those parallel saccades (PSs) had a
                      larger median amplitude, velocity and duration
                      thanorthogonal saccades (OSs) and intermediate saccades. We
                      found that the SEM related LFPmodulation was stronger for
                      OSs than for PSs. The CSD signal showed a current sink in
                      thegranular layer, that was observed for the saccade-onset
                      and fixation-onset triggered averages but notfor the
                      image-onset triggered averages, confirming that this sink
                      reflected SEM related activity(Figure a and b, red frames
                      vs. c, red frame). The OSs evoked stronger current sinks
                      than the PSs.We observed a positive correlation between the
                      amplitude of saccades and the magnitude of theevoked current
                      sink. The increase of the CSD signal for larger saccades
                      saturated more quickly forOSs than for PSs (Figure d vs. e).
                      This SEM related current sink probably reflects an
                      inhibitoryprocess because it was accompanied by a concurrent
                      decrease in high-gamma band (~160 Hz)power, which has been
                      shown to be strongly positively correlated to the firing
                      rates of local neurons[Ray et al. (2008) J Neurosci
                      28:11526-36].In summary, saccades causing larger changes in
                      the retinal image, such as those with largeramplitude and/or
                      in directions more orthogonal to the stripes of the stimulus
                      images, evokedstronger CSD modulations. This seems to
                      suggest mere excitation of V1 by the retinal changescaused
                      by saccades, but a comparison with the concurrent high-gamma
                      power modulation rathersuggests that the CSD modulation
                      reflects an inhibitory process. A possible implication of
                      theseobservations would be that the CSD signal might reflect
                      an active suppression mechanism thatmatches the amount of
                      inhibition to the strength of the visual input during
                      saccades.},
      month         = {Mar},
      date          = {2015-03-18},
      organization  = {NWG 2015, Goettingen (Germanz), 18 Mar
                       2015 - 21 Mar 2015},
      cin          = {INM-6 / IAS-6},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-6-20090406 / I:(DE-Juel1)IAS-6-20130828},
      pnm          = {571 - Connectivity and Activity (POF3-571) / SMHB -
                      Supercomputing and Modelling for the Human Brain
                      (HGF-SMHB-2013-2017) / BMBF-01GQ1114 - Einfluss von top-down
                      Signalen auf den autonomen Sehvorgang - Multiskalen Analyse
                      von massiv-parallelen Multi-Area-Daten des visuellen Pfades
                      (BMBF-01GQ1116) / AVis - Einfluss von top-down Signalen auf
                      den autonomen Sehvorgang - Multi-skalen Analyse von
                      massiv-parallelen Multi-Area-Daten des visuellen Pfades
                      (BMBF-01GQ1114) / BRAINSCALES - Brain-inspired multiscale
                      computation in neuromorphic hybrid systems (269921)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-571 / G:(DE-Juel1)HGF-SMHB-2013-2017 /
                      G:(DE-Juel1)BMBF-01GQ1116 / G:(DE-Juel1)BMBF-01GQ1114 /
                      G:(EU-Grant)269921},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)1},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/188883},
}