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@ARTICLE{Vrai:189151,
      author       = {Várai, Anita and Homonnai, Viktória and Jánosi, Imre M.
                      and Müller, Rolf},
      title        = {{E}arly signatures of ozone trend reversal over the
                      {A}ntarctic},
      journal      = {Earth's Future},
      volume       = {3},
      number       = {3},
      issn         = {2328-4277},
      address      = {Hoboken, NJ},
      publisher    = {Wiley-Blackwell},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2015-02351},
      pages        = {95–109},
      year         = {2015},
      abstract     = {We report on a detailed time series analysis of long total
                      column ozone (TO) records based on multi-satellite
                      observations of daily resolution. We concentrate on three
                      geographic latitudes over and around the Antarctic area,
                      specifically on three circles at 58.5°S, 59.5°S, and
                      79.5°S. Almost continuous observations are available at the
                      two former latitudes; however, data are lacking during the
                      polar winter periods at 79.5°S, because the measurement
                      technique requires sunlight. The methodology is motivated by
                      level-crossing statistics, where subsets of the records
                      above or below particular threshold levels are evaluated.
                      Long-term trend reversal at around the turn of the century
                      is already detectable for low TO levels in the raw time
                      series in the “ozone-hole” region (79.5°S). In order to
                      overcome the apparent non-stationarities of the time series,
                      we determined daily TO differences (ΔTO) belonging to the
                      same geographic longitudes between the different latitudinal
                      circles. The result is a stable, stationary behavior for
                      small (absolute) ΔTO values in the period
                      January–February–March without any significant
                      detectable trends. The high absolute value ΔTO subsets
                      (September–October–November) indicate a robust trend
                      reversal in the middle of the 1990s. The observed trend
                      reversal in the total column ozone time series is consistent
                      with the temporal development of the stratospheric halogen
                      loading. However, a close correspondence of ozone and
                      halogen turnaround years is not expected because of the
                      statistical uncertainties in the determination of the ozone
                      turnaround, and the many factors contributing to ozone
                      depletion processes.},
      cin          = {IEK-7},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-7-20101013},
      pnm          = {244 - Composition and dynamics of the upper troposphere and
                      middle atmosphere (POF3-244) / STRATOCLIM - Stratospheric
                      and upper tropospheric processes for better climate
                      predictions (603557)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-244 / G:(EU-Grant)603557},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000358139800001},
      doi          = {10.1002/2014EF000270},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/189151},
}