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@ARTICLE{Meyer:189314,
      author       = {Meyer, J. and Rolf, C. and Schiller, C. and Rohs, S. and
                      Spelten, N. and Afchine, A. and Zöger, M. and Sitnikov, N.
                      and Thornberry, T. D. and Rollins, A. W. and Bozóki, Z. and
                      Tátrai, D. and Ebert, V. and Kühnreich, B. and Mackrodt,
                      P. and Möhler, O. and Saathoff, H. and Rosenlof, K. H. and
                      Krämer, M.},
      title        = {{T}wo decades of water vapor measurements with the {FISH}
                      fluorescence hygrometer: a review},
      journal      = {Atmospheric chemistry and physics / Discussions},
      volume       = {15},
      number       = {5},
      issn         = {1680-7375},
      address      = {Katlenburg-Lindau},
      publisher    = {EGU},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2015-02492},
      pages        = {7735 - 7782},
      year         = {2015},
      note         = {Copernicus CCBY},
      abstract     = {The Fast In-situ Stratospheric Hygrometer (FISH) is an
                      airborne Lyman-α photofragment fluorescence hygrometer for
                      accurate and precise measurement of total water mixing
                      ratios (WMR) (gas phase + evaporated ice) in the upper
                      troposphere and lower stratosphere (UT/LS) since almost two
                      decades. Here, we present a comprehensive review of the
                      measurement technique, calibration procedure, accuracy and
                      reliability of FISH. A crucial part for the FISH measurement
                      quality is the regular calibration to a water vapor
                      reference, namely the commercial frostpoint hygrometer DP30.
                      In the frame of this work this frostpoint hygrometer is
                      compared to German and British traceable metrological water
                      standards and its accuracy is found to be $2–4\%.$
                      Overall, in the range from 4–1000 ppmv, the total accuracy
                      of FISH was found to be $6–8\%$ as stated also in previous
                      publications. For lower mixing ratios down to 1 ppmv, the
                      uncertainty reaches a lower limit of 0.3 ppmv. For specific,
                      non-atmospheric conditions, as set in experiments at the
                      AIDA chamber – namely mixing ratios below 10 and above 100
                      ppmv in combination with high and low pressure conditions
                      – the need to apply a modified FISH calibration evaluation
                      has been identified. The new evaluation improves the
                      agreement of FISH with other hygrometers to ± $10\%$
                      accuracy in the respective mixing ratio ranges. Further, a
                      quality check procedure for high total water measurements in
                      cirrus clouds at high pressures (400–500 hPa) is
                      introduced. The performance of FISH in the field is assessed
                      by reviewing intercomparisons of FISH water vapor data with
                      other in-situ and remote sensing hygrometers over the last
                      two decades. We find that the agreement of FISH with the
                      other hygrometers has improved over that time span from
                      overall up to $±30\%$ or more to about $±5–20\%$ @ < 10
                      ppmv and to $±0–15\%$ @ > 10 ppmv.},
      cin          = {IEK-7 / IEK-8},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-7-20101013 / I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-8-20101013},
      pnm          = {244 - Composition and dynamics of the upper troposphere and
                      middle atmosphere (POF3-244) / 243 - Tropospheric trace
                      substances and their transformation processes (POF3-243)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-244 / G:(DE-HGF)POF3-243},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      doi          = {10.5194/acpd-15-7735-2015},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/189314},
}