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000018984 0247_ $$2DOI$$a10.1371/journal.pone.0028963
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000018984 084__ $$2WoS$$aBiology
000018984 1001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)VDB103618$$aFaust, U.$$b0$$uFZJ
000018984 245__ $$aCyclic Stress at mHz Frequencies Aligns Fibroblasts in Direction of Zero Strain
000018984 260__ $$aLawrence, Kan.$$bPLoS$$c2011
000018984 300__ $$a28963
000018984 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article
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000018984 440_0 $$018181$$aPLOS One$$v6$$x1932-6203$$y12
000018984 500__ $$aThe work by Samuel Safran was funded by a grant from the Isreal Science Foundation (grant number 54/08). The URL of the foundation is http://www.isf.org.il/english/. No further third party funding was received. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
000018984 520__ $$aRecognition of external mechanical signals is vital for mammalian cells. Cyclic stretch, e.g. around blood vessels, is one such signal that induces cell reorientation from parallel to almost perpendicular to the direction of stretch. Here, we present quantitative analyses of both, cell and cytoskeletal reorientation of umbilical cord fibroblasts. Cyclic strain of preset amplitudes was applied at mHz frequencies. Elastomeric chambers were specifically designed and characterized to distinguish between zero strain and minimal stress directions and to allow accurate theoretical modeling. Reorientation was only induced when the applied stretch exceeded a specific amplitude, suggesting a non-linear response. However, on very soft substrates no mechanoresponse occurs even for high strain. For all stretch amplitudes, the angular distributions of reoriented cells are in very good agreement with a theory modeling stretched cells as active force dipoles. Cyclic stretch increases the number of stress fibers and the coupling to adhesions. We show that changes in cell shape follow cytoskeletal reorientation with a significant temporal delay. Our data identify the importance of environmental stiffness for cell reorientation, here in direction of zero strain. These in vitro experiments on cultured cells argue for the necessity of rather stiff environmental conditions to induce cellular reorientation in mammalian tissues.
000018984 536__ $$0G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK505$$2G:(DE-HGF)$$aBioSoft: Makromolekulare Systeme und biologische Informationsverarbeitung$$cP45$$x0
000018984 588__ $$aDataset connected to Web of Science, Pubmed
000018984 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aActin Cytoskeleton: metabolism
000018984 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aActins: metabolism
000018984 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCell Shape
000018984 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aElasticity
000018984 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aElastomers
000018984 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aFibroblasts: cytology
000018984 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aFibroblasts: metabolism
000018984 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aHumans
000018984 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMechanotransduction, Cellular
000018984 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aPhosphorylation
000018984 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aPhosphotyrosine: metabolism
000018984 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aStress Fibers: metabolism
000018984 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aStress, Mechanical
000018984 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aTensile Strength
000018984 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aThermodynamics
000018984 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aTime Factors
000018984 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aVinculin: metabolism
000018984 650_7 $$00$$2NLM Chemicals$$aActins
000018984 650_7 $$00$$2NLM Chemicals$$aElastomers
000018984 650_7 $$0125361-02-6$$2NLM Chemicals$$aVinculin
000018984 650_7 $$021820-51-9$$2NLM Chemicals$$aPhosphotyrosine
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000018984 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)128813$$aHampe, N.$$b1$$uFZJ
000018984 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)128837$$aRubner, W.$$b2$$uFZJ
000018984 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)VDB8902$$aKirchgeßner, N.$$b3$$uFZJ
000018984 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)VDB93416$$aSafran, S.$$b4$$uFZJ
000018984 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)VDB27696$$aHoffmann, B.$$b5$$uFZJ
000018984 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)128833$$aMerkel, R.$$b6$$uFZJ
000018984 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2267670-3$$a10.1371/journal.pone.0028963$$gVol. 6, p. 28963$$p28963$$q6<28963$$tPLoS one$$v6$$x1932-6203$$y2011
000018984 8567_ $$2Pubmed Central$$uhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3241701
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000018984 9132_ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF3-552$$1G:(DE-HGF)POF3-550$$2G:(DE-HGF)POF3-500$$aDE-HGF$$bKey Technologies$$lBioSoft  Fundamentals for future Technologies in the fields of Soft Matter and Life Sciences$$vEngineering Cell Function$$x0
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