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@ARTICLE{Katanov:190082,
      author       = {Katanov, Dinar and Gompper, Gerhard and Fedosov, Dmitry},
      title        = {{M}icrovascular blood flow resistance: {R}ole of red blood
                      cell migration and dispersion},
      journal      = {Microvascular research},
      volume       = {99},
      issn         = {0026-2862},
      address      = {Orlando, Fla.},
      publisher    = {Academic Press},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2015-03041},
      pages        = {57-66},
      year         = {2015},
      abstract     = {Microvascular blood flow resistance has a strong impact on
                      cardiovascular function and tissue perfusion. The flow
                      resistance in microcirculation is governed by flow behavior
                      of blood through a complex network of vessels, where the
                      distribution of red blood cells across vessel cross-sections
                      may be significantly distorted at vessel bifurcations and
                      junctions. In this paper, the development of blood flow and
                      its resistance starting from a dispersed configuration of
                      red blood cells is investigated in simulations for different
                      hematocrit levels, flow rates, vessel diameters, and
                      aggregation interactions between red blood cells. Initially
                      dispersed red blood cells migrate toward the vessel center
                      leading to the formation of a cell-free layer near the wall
                      and to a decrease of the flow resistance. The development of
                      cell-free layer appears to be nearly universal when scaled
                      with a characteristic shear rate of the flow. The
                      universality allows an estimation of the length of a vessel
                      required for full flow development, lc ≲ 25D, for vessel
                      diameters in the range 10 μm < D < 100 μm. Thus, the
                      potential effect of red blood cell dispersion at vessel
                      bifurcations and junctions on the flow resistance may be
                      significant in vessels which are shorter or comparable to
                      the length lc. Aggregation interactions between red blood
                      cells generally lead to a reduction of blood flow
                      resistance. The simulations are performed using the same
                      viscosity for both external and internal fluids and the RBC
                      membrane viscosity is not considered; however, we discuss
                      how the viscosity contrast may affect the results. Finally,
                      we develop a simple theoretical model which is able to
                      describe the converged cell-free-layer thickness at
                      steady-state flow with respect to flow rate. The model is
                      based on the balance between a lift force on red blood cells
                      due to cell-wall hydrodynamic interactions and shear-induced
                      effective pressure due to cell–cell interactions in flow.
                      We expect that these results can also be used to better
                      understand the flow behavior of other suspensions of
                      deformable particles such as vesicles, capsules, and cells.},
      cin          = {IAS-2 / ICS-2},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IAS-2-20090406 / I:(DE-Juel1)ICS-2-20110106},
      pnm          = {553 - Physical Basis of Diseases (POF3-553)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-553},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000354420200007},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.mvr.2015.02.006},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/190082},
}