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@ARTICLE{Seemann:190188,
      author       = {Seemann, Klaus Michael and Luysberg, M. and Révay, Z. and
                      Kudejova, P. and Sanz, B. and Cassinelli, N. and Loidl, A.
                      and Ilicic, K. and Multhoff, G. and Schmid, T. E.},
      title        = {{M}agnetic heating properties and neutron activation of
                      tungsten-oxide coated biocompatible {F}e{P}t core–shell
                      nanoparticles},
      journal      = {Journal of controlled release},
      volume       = {197},
      issn         = {0168-3659},
      address      = {New York, NY [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2015-03114},
      pages        = {131 - 137},
      year         = {2015},
      abstract     = {Magnetic nanoparticles are highly desirable for biomedical
                      research and treatment of cancer especially when combined
                      with hyperthermia. The efficacy of nanoparticle-based
                      therapies could be improved by generating radioactive
                      nanoparticles with a convenient decay time and which
                      simultaneously have the capability to be used for locally
                      confined heating. The core–shell morphology of such novel
                      nanoparticles presented in this work involves a
                      polysilico-tungstate molecule of the polyoxometalate family
                      as a precursor coating material, which transforms into an
                      amorphous tungsten oxide coating upon annealing of the FePt
                      core–shell nanoparticles. The content of tungsten atoms in
                      the nanoparticle shell is neutron activated using cold
                      neutrons at the Heinz Maier-Leibnitz (FRMII) neutron
                      facility and thereby transformed into the radioisotope
                      W-187. The sizeable natural abundance of $28\%$ for the
                      W-186 precursor isotope, a radiopharmaceutically
                      advantageous gamma–beta ratio of View the MathML
                      $sourceγβ≈30\%$ and a range of approximately 1 mm in
                      biological tissue for the 1.3 MeV β-radiation are promising
                      features of the nanoparticles' potential for cancer therapy.
                      Moreover, a high temperature annealing treatment enhances
                      the magnetic moment of nanoparticles in such a way that a
                      magnetic heating effect of several degrees Celsius in liquid
                      suspension – a prerequisite for hyperthermia treatment of
                      cancer – was observed. A rise in temperature of
                      approximately 3 °C in aqueous suspension is shown for a
                      moderate nanoparticle concentration of 0.5 mg/ml after 15
                      min in an 831 kHz high-frequency alternating magnetic field
                      of 250 Gauss field strength (25 mT). The biocompatibility
                      based on a low cytotoxicity in the non-neutron-activated
                      state in combination with the hydrophilic nature of the
                      tungsten oxide shell makes the coated magnetic FePt
                      nanoparticles ideal candidates for advanced
                      radiopharmaceutical applications.},
      cin          = {PGI-5},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-5-20110106},
      pnm          = {143 - Controlling Configuration-Based Phenomena (POF3-143)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-143},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000346568700015},
      pubmed       = {pmid:25445697},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.11.007},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/190188},
}