TY  - JOUR
AU  - Pick, T.R.
AU  - Bräutigam, A.
AU  - Schlüter, U.
AU  - Denton, A.K.
AU  - Colmsee, C.
AU  - Scholz, U.
AU  - Fahnenstich, H.
AU  - Pieruschka, R.
AU  - Rascher, U.
AU  - Sonnewald, U.
AU  - Weber, A.P.M.
TI  - Systems Analysis of a Maize Leaf Developmental Gradient Redefines the Current C4 Model and Provides Canditates for Regulation
JO  - THE PLANT CELL ONLINE
VL  - 23
SN  - 1040-4651
CY  - Rockville, Md.
PB  - Soc.
M1  - PreJuSER-19648
SP  - 1 - 13
PY  - 2012
N1  - This study was supported by a grant of the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BioEnergy 2021, OPTIMAS) and grants from the German Research Foundation (IRTG 1525 and FOR 1186 PROMICS to A.P.M.W.). We thank Katrin L. Weber for support with GC-MS analyses.
AB  - We systematically analyzed a developmental gradient of the third maize (Zea mays) leaf from the point of emergence into the light to the tip in 10 continuous leaf slices to study organ development and physiological and biochemical functions. Transcriptome analysis, oxygen sensitivity of photosynthesis, and photosynthetic rate measurements showed that the maize leaf undergoes a sink-to-source transition without an intermediate phase of C(3) photosynthesis or operation of a photorespiratory carbon pump. Metabolome and transcriptome analysis, chlorophyll and protein measurements, as well as dry weight determination, showed continuous gradients for all analyzed items. The absence of binary on-off switches and regulons pointed to a morphogradient along the leaf as the determining factor of developmental stage. Analysis of transcription factors for differential expression along the leaf gradient defined a list of putative regulators orchestrating the sink-to-source transition and establishment of C(4) photosynthesis. Finally, transcriptome and metabolome analysis, as well as enzyme activity measurements, and absolute quantification of selected metabolites revised the current model of maize C(4) photosynthesis. All data sets are included within the publication to serve as a resource for maize leaf systems biology.
KW  - Chlorophyll: analysis
KW  - Chlorophyll: chemistry
KW  - Cluster Analysis
KW  - Enzyme Activation
KW  - Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
KW  - Genes, Plant
KW  - Light
KW  - Malates: chemistry
KW  - Metabolome
KW  - Oxygen: chemistry
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Plant Leaves: chemistry
KW  - Plant Leaves: genetics
KW  - Plant Leaves: physiology
KW  - Plant Proteins: chemistry
KW  - Plant Proteins: genetics
KW  - Pyruvic Acid: chemistry
KW  - Transcription Factors: chemistry
KW  - Transcription Factors: genetics
KW  - Transcription, Genetic
KW  - Transcriptome
KW  - Zea mays: chemistry
KW  - Zea mays: genetics
KW  - Zea mays: physiology
KW  - Malates (NLM Chemicals)
KW  - Plant Proteins (NLM Chemicals)
KW  - Transcription Factors (NLM Chemicals)
KW  - Pyruvic Acid (NLM Chemicals)
KW  - Chlorophyll (NLM Chemicals)
KW  - malic acid (NLM Chemicals)
KW  - Oxygen (NLM Chemicals)
KW  - J (WoSType)
LB  - PUB:(DE-HGF)16
C6  - pmid:22186372
C2  - pmc:PMC3269860
UR  - <Go to ISI:>//WOS:000299677700008
DO  - DOI:10.1105/tpc.111.090324
UR  - https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/19648
ER  -