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@INPROCEEDINGS{Urbain:200800,
      author       = {Urbain, Felix and Smirnov, Vladimir and Becker, Jan Philipp
                      and Rau, Uwe and Ziegler, Jürgen and Yang, Florent and
                      Kaiser, Bernhard and Jaegermann, Wolfram and Finger,
                      Friedhelm},
      title        = {{E}fficient multijunction thin film silicon based
                      photocathodes for hydrogen production via
                      photoelectrochemical water splitting},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2015-03193},
      year         = {2015},
      abstract     = {We report on the application of multijunction thin film
                      silicon based photocathodes for solar water splitting.
                      Multijunction solar cells allow for high photovoltages, well
                      above the thermodynamically required 1.23 V to drive the
                      oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions. However, the use of
                      such solar cells in integrated water splitting devices
                      imposes considerable challenges, in particular at the solar
                      cell/electrolyte interface concerning catalysis and chemical
                      stability. In this regard, we integrate different metal
                      layers at the solar cell/electrolyte interface and evaluate
                      their catalytic and stability properties.The performance of
                      the photocathodes, with respect to photocurrent densities
                      and onset potentials for cathodic current were evaluated in
                      a 3-electrode configuration. By using tandem, triple and
                      quadruple junction photocathodes, the onset potentials can
                      be tuned between 1.3 V and 2.5 V vs. RHE. We demonstrate,
                      that the high excess-voltage allows for the substitution of
                      precious metal catalysts, like platinum, by more abundant
                      materials, like nickel, without impairing the device
                      performance. The ability to provide self-contained solar
                      water splitting over a prolonged period of time is
                      demonstrated in a 2-electrode configuration with an
                      impressive solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of 8.6 $\%.Modeling$
                      the current-voltage characteristics of the water splitting
                      device shows good agreement with experimental results and
                      allows for an analysis of the relevant system losses.},
      month         = {May},
      date          = {2015-05-11},
      organization  = {EMRS Spring Conference, Lille
                       (France), 11 May 2015 - 15 May 2015},
      subtyp        = {Other},
      cin          = {IEK-5},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-5-20101013},
      pnm          = {126 - Solar Fuels (POF3-126) / 121 - Solar cells of the
                      next generation (POF3-121) / HITEC - Helmholtz
                      Interdisciplinary Doctoral Training in Energy and Climate
                      Research (HITEC) (HITEC-20170406)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-126 / G:(DE-HGF)POF3-121 /
                      G:(DE-Juel1)HITEC-20170406},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)6},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/200800},
}