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@INPROCEEDINGS{Gioia:201163,
      author       = {Gioia, Tania and Nagel, Kerstin and romina, beleggia and
                      mariagiovanna, fragasso and donatella, ficco and Pieruschka,
                      Roland and pasquale, devita and Fiorani, Fabio and Papa,
                      Roberto},
      title        = {{T}he phenotypic architecture of tetraploid wheat
                      ({T}riticum turgidum {L}.): effects of domestication and
                      post-domestication under contrasting nitrogen fertilisation},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2015-03468},
      year         = {2015},
      abstract     = {The process of domestication has led to dramatic
                      morphological and physiological changes in crop species due
                      to adaptation to cultivation and to the needs of farmers. To
                      investigate the phenotypic architecture of shoot- and
                      root-related traits and quantify the impact of domestication
                      and post-domestication, we examined a collection of 36 wheat
                      genotypes under optimal and nitrogen-starved conditions.
                      These represented three taxa that correspond to key steps in
                      the recent evolution of tetraploid wheat (i.e., wild emmer,
                      emmer, and durum wheat). Overall, nitrogen starvation
                      reduced shoot growth of all genotypes, while it induced the
                      opposite effect on root traits quantified using the
                      automated phenotyping platform GROWSCREEN-Rhizo. We observed
                      an overall increase in all shoot and root growth traits from
                      wild emmer to durum wheat, while emmer was generally very
                      similar to wild emmer, but intermediate between these two
                      subspecies. While the differences in phenotypic diversity
                      due to the effects of domestication were not significant,
                      the post-domestication transition from emmer to durum wheat
                      was marked by a large and significant decrease in the
                      coefficient of variation. In particular, this reduction was
                      very strong at optimal condition, and less intense under
                      nitrogen starvation. Moreover, while at optimal condition
                      both root and shoot traits showed significantly reduced
                      diversity due to post-domestication, under nitrogen
                      starvation the reduced diversity was significant only for
                      shoot traits. Overall, a considerable amount of phenotypic
                      variation was observed in wild emmer and emmer which could
                      be exploited for the development of pre-breeding
                      strategies.},
      month         = {May},
      date          = {2015-05-30},
      organization  = {From Seed to Pasta and Beyond: a
                       Sustainable Durum Wheat Chain for Food
                       Security and Healthy Lives, Bologna
                       (Italy), 30 May 2015 - 3 Jun 2015},
      subtyp        = {Invited},
      cin          = {IBG-2},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-2-20101118},
      pnm          = {582 - Plant Science (POF3-582) / EPPN - European Plant
                      Phenotyping Network (284443)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-582 / G:(EU-Grant)284443},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)6},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/201163},
}