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@ARTICLE{Ivanova:201653,
      author       = {Ivanova, D. and Rubel, M. and Widdowson, A. and Petersson,
                      P. and Likonen, J. and Marot, L. and Alves, E. and
                      Garcia-Carrasco, A. and Pintsuk, G.},
      title        = {{A}n overview of the comprehensive {F}irst {M}irror {T}est
                      in {JET} with {ITER}-like wall},
      journal      = {Physica scripta},
      volume       = {T159},
      issn         = {1402-4896},
      address      = {Bristol},
      publisher    = {IoP Publ.},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2015-03947},
      pages        = {014011 -},
      year         = {2014},
      abstract     = {The First Mirror Test in Joint European Torus (JET) with
                      the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor-like
                      wall was performed with polycrystalline molybdenum mirrors.
                      Two major types of experiments were done. Using a
                      reciprocating probe system in the main chamber, a short-term
                      exposure was made during a 0.3 h plasma operation in 71
                      discharges. The impact on reflectivity was negligible. In a
                      long-term experiment lasting 19 h with 13 h of X-point
                      plasma, 20 Mo mirrors were exposed, including four coated
                      with a 1 μm-thick Rh layer. Optical performance of all
                      mirrors exposed in the divertor was degraded by up to $80\%$
                      because of beryllium, carbon and tungsten co-deposits on
                      surfaces. Total reflectivity of most Mo mirrors facing
                      plasma in the main chamber was only slightly affected in the
                      spectral range 400–1600 nm, while the Rh-coated mirror
                      lost its high original reflectivity by $30\%,$ thus
                      decreasing to the level typical of molybdenum surfaces.
                      Specular reflectivity was decreased most strongly in the
                      250–400 nm UV range. Surface measurements with x-ray
                      photoelectron spectroscopy and depth profiling with
                      secondary ion mass spectrometry and heavy-ion elastic recoil
                      detection analysis (ERDA) revealed that the very surface
                      region on both types of mirrors had been modified by
                      neutrals, resulting eventually in the composition change:
                      Be, C, D at the level below 1 × 1016 cm−2 mixed with
                      traces of Ni, Fe in the layer 10–30 nm thick. On several
                      exposed mirrors, the original matrix material (Mo) remained
                      as the major constituent of the modified layer. The data
                      obtained in two major phases of the JET operation with
                      carbon and full metal walls are compared. The implications
                      of these results for first mirrors and their maintenance in
                      a reactor-class device are discussed.},
      cin          = {N-M / IEK-2},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)N-M-20100415 / I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-2-20101013},
      pnm          = {135 - Plasma-wall interactions (POF2-135)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF2-135},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000334847800012},
      doi          = {10.1088/0031-8949/2014/T159/014011},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/201653},
}