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000202229 1001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aWandt, Johannes$$b0
000202229 245__ $$aOperando electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy – formation of mossy lithium on lithium anodes during charge–discharge cycling
000202229 260__ $$aCambridge$$bRSC Publ.$$c2015
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000202229 520__ $$aThe formation of mossy lithium and lithium dendrites so far prevents the use of lithium metal anodes in lithium ion batteries. To develop solutions for this problem (e.g., electrolyte additives), operando measurement techniques are required to monitor mossy lithium and dendrite formation during electrochemical cycling. Here we present a novel battery cell design that enables operando electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. It is shown that time-resolved operando EPR spectroscopy during electrochemical cycling of a lithium-metal/LiFePO4 (LFP) cell provides unique insights into the lithium plating/dissolution mechanisms, which are consistent with ex situ scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. To demonstrate the viability of the operando EPR method, two cells using different electrolytes were studied. When using an electrolyte containing fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) additive, a higher reversibility of the lithium anode and reduced formation of micro-structured (mossy/dendritic) lithium were observed.
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000202229 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aMarino, Cyril$$b1
000202229 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aGasteiger, Hubert A.$$b2
000202229 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)156296$$aJakes, Peter$$b3
000202229 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)156123$$aEichel, Rüdiger-A.$$b4
000202229 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)162401$$aGranwehr, Josef$$b5$$eCorresponding Author
000202229 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2439879-2$$a10.1039/C4EE02730B$$gVol. 8, no. 4, p. 1358 - 1367$$n4$$p1358 - 1367$$tEnergy & environmental science$$v8$$x1754-5706$$y2015
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