TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wandt, Johannes
AU  - Marino, Cyril
AU  - Gasteiger, Hubert A.
AU  - Jakes, Peter
AU  - Eichel, Rüdiger-A.
AU  - Granwehr, Josef
TI  - Operando electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy – formation of mossy lithium on lithium anodes during charge–discharge cycling
JO  - Energy & environmental science
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
SN  - 1754-5706
CY  - Cambridge
PB  - RSC Publ.
M1  - FZJ-2015-04518
SP  - 1358 - 1367
PY  - 2015
AB  - The formation of mossy lithium and lithium dendrites so far prevents the use of lithium metal anodes in lithium ion batteries. To develop solutions for this problem (e.g., electrolyte additives), operando measurement techniques are required to monitor mossy lithium and dendrite formation during electrochemical cycling. Here we present a novel battery cell design that enables operando electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. It is shown that time-resolved operando EPR spectroscopy during electrochemical cycling of a lithium-metal/LiFePO4 (LFP) cell provides unique insights into the lithium plating/dissolution mechanisms, which are consistent with ex situ scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. To demonstrate the viability of the operando EPR method, two cells using different electrolytes were studied. When using an electrolyte containing fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) additive, a higher reversibility of the lithium anode and reduced formation of micro-structured (mossy/dendritic) lithium were observed.
LB  - PUB:(DE-HGF)16
UR  - <Go to ISI:>//WOS:000352275500024
DO  - DOI:10.1039/C4EE02730B
UR  - https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/202229
ER  -