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@INPROCEEDINGS{Rhrens:202763,
      author       = {Röhrens, Daniel and Blum, Ludger and de Haart, L.G.J. and
                      Malzbender, Jürgen and Margaritis, Nikolaos and Menzler,
                      Norbert H.},
      title        = {{S}olide {O}xide {C}ells - {D}evelopment {S}tatus at
                      {F}orschungszentrum {J}ülich},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2015-04945},
      year         = {2015},
      abstract     = {The development of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) at
                      Forschungszentrum Jülich that started mid of the1990’s
                      achieved since then a very well advanced status.In fact,
                      anode supported cells with thin film 8YSZ electrolyte and
                      LSC cathode reached current density of approx. 3.5A/cm² at
                      700 °C. The high-chromium containing interconnect steel
                      Crofer 22 APU and its enhanced creep strengthmodification
                      Crofer 22 H are well established in the community.
                      Glass-ceramic sealing based stack design andoperation
                      strategies have been improved resulting in increased
                      mechanical robustness.Recently a 2 kW stack was operated for
                      5000 h revealing a degradation rate of only $0.3\%/kh.$
                      Short stacks arecurrently running for more than 64,000 h
                      with degradation rates of $0.7\%/kh$ and for > 34,500 h with
                      < $0.3\%/kh.$ As aspecial highlight, a 20 kW<sub>el</sub>
                      system based on four 5 kW stacks has also been operated
                      successfully.Recently also the use of the “classical”
                      SOFC as electrolyser (SOEC) has been introduced showing
                      moderatedegradation rates.A third approach is the
                      realization of the SOFC/SOEC system as a rechargeable oxide
                      battery (ROB). In such an ROBthe fuel side is filled with a
                      water vapour/hydrogen gas mixture and subsequently sealed
                      off. A metal (in initial studiesiron was used) which can be
                      reduced (charged) in SOEC mode and oxidized (discharged) in
                      fuel cell mode isintegrated in the steam/hydrogen
                      compartment.},
      month         = {Jun},
      date          = {2015-06-14},
      organization  = {11th International Conference on
                       Ceramic Materials and Components for
                       Energy and Environmental Applications,
                       Vancouver (Canada), 14 Jun 2015 - 19
                       Jun 2015},
      subtyp        = {Invited},
      cin          = {IEK-1 / IEK-2 / IEK-3 / IEK-9 / ZEA-1},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-1-20101013 / I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-2-20101013 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-3-20101013 / I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-9-20110218 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)ZEA-1-20090406},
      pnm          = {135 - Fuel Cells (POF3-135) / SOFC - Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
                      (SOFC-20140602)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-135 / G:(DE-Juel1)SOFC-20140602},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)6},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/202763},
}