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@ARTICLE{AlDaroukh:202808,
      author       = {Al Daroukh, M. and Tietz, F. and Sebold, D. and Buchkremer,
                      H. P.},
      title        = {{P}ost-test analysis of electrode-supported solid oxide
                      electrolyser cells},
      journal      = {Ionics},
      volume       = {21},
      number       = {4},
      issn         = {1862-0760},
      address      = {Berlin},
      publisher    = {Springer},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2015-04969},
      pages        = {1039 - 1043},
      year         = {2015},
      abstract     = {Three solid oxide cells have been investigated after
                      long-term high temperature electrolysis to explain the
                      phenomena of accelerated degradation. These cells contain a
                      Ni-YSZ cermet (Ni-yttria-stabilised-zirconia) as hydrogen
                      electrode (cathode), yttria-stabilised-zirconia (YSZ) as
                      electrolyte, Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.9 (CGO) as diffusion barrier layer
                      and La0.58Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3 (LSCF) as oxygen electrode
                      (anode). Cell 1, cell 2 and cell 3 were tested continuously
                      at about 770 °C, with a current density of −1 A cm−2
                      and 80 $\%$ H2O of absolute humidity for 9000, 1770 and 1460
                      h, respectively. It was found that in cell 1, the
                      degradation rate was about 2.2 $\%$ per 1000 h, in cell 2
                      the degradation rate increased to 3.4 $\%$ per 1000 h and in
                      cell 3 the degradation rate was 2.6 $\%$ per 1000 h. The
                      mode of cell degradation was also investigated as a function
                      of the cell fabrication in the four layers system
                      (anode/diffusion barrier layer/electrolyte/cathode). An
                      intergranular fractured surface along the grain boundaries
                      of the electrolyte, and the formation of porous structures
                      throughout the thickness of the electrolyte were observed in
                      cell 1. LSCF, as the oxygen electrode, showed compositional
                      fluctuations with a changed perovskite composition and
                      formation of cobalt oxide. This phenomenon reduces the
                      electrical conductivity and, probably, also the catalytic
                      properties. The hydrogen electrode did not show major
                      changes in all the three cells tested. Cells 2 and 3 showed
                      similar features as observed for cell 1, except the fact
                      that they retained the electrolyte structure without
                      intergranular fracture and formation of porosity after
                      continuous testing for long duration.},
      cin          = {IEK-1},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-1-20101013},
      pnm          = {134 - Electrolysis and Hydrogen (POF3-134)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-134},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000351508800016},
      doi          = {10.1007/s11581-014-1273-2},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/202808},
}