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@INPROCEEDINGS{Markewitz:202884,
      author       = {Markewitz, Peter and Hake, Jürgen-Fr. and Heinrichs, Heidi
                      and Kuckshinrichs, Wilhelm and Martinsen, Dag},
      title        = {{T}he future role of {CCS} as part of a {G}erman greenhouse
                      gas mitigation strategy},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2015-05031},
      year         = {2015},
      abstract     = {The German Federal Government has set CO2 reduction targets
                      of $40\%$ for 2020 and 80 – $90\%$ for 2050 in relation to
                      levels of 1990. In addition to CO2 reduction, German energy
                      and climate policy comprises further ambitious targets
                      (governmental energy concept). These include rapidly and
                      strongly increasing of efficiency and the use of renewable
                      energy. According to the 5th IPCC assessment report CCS is
                      one key technology to meet the ambitious reduction goal of
                      2°C. Because of acceptance problems carbon capture and
                      storage (CCS) is not an element of the German governmental
                      energy concept. Nevertheless, we analyzed the system value
                      of CCS in Germany within the context of consistent
                      greenhouse gas reduction scenarios with and without the
                      implementation of CCS technologies. The system value of CCS
                      is determined by identifying additional CO2 avoidance costs
                      that would occur if climate change mitigation targets were
                      to be met without using CCS even though CCS technology was
                      available. The methodological basis for the scenario
                      calculations is the bottom-up energy system model IKARUS
                      with detailed depictions of the technical energy supply
                      structures in Germany for scenario-based analysis of CO2
                      reduction strategies. The energy economics results comprise
                      energy and CO2 balances, capacity development, and the cost
                      of CO2 mitigation strategies. From this, the system value of
                      CCS and the contribution of all model sectors to it are
                      derived.Our calculations show, that the additional costs in
                      the scenario without CCS are higher over the whole period
                      than the costs of the scenario with CCS, i.e. the CCS option
                      is used and cuts the costs. In the scenario without CCS,
                      additional costs arise especially in the sectors households
                      and transport, as well as to a smaller extend in the
                      industrial sector. Overall, the integral additional costs
                      for the period until 2050 are approximately $50\%$ higher
                      than for the case with CCS. Over the whole period until 2050
                      the net present value of additional system cost of excluding
                      CCS technologies is approx. €2010 100 billion.},
      month         = {Jul},
      date          = {2015-07-07},
      organization  = {3rd International Symposium on Energy
                       $Challenges\&Mechanics,$ Aberdeen
                       (Scotland), 7 Jul 2015 - 9 Jul 2015},
      subtyp        = {Invited},
      cin          = {IEK-STE},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-STE-20101013},
      pnm          = {153 - Assessment of Energy Systems – Addressing Issues of
                      Energy Efficiency and Energy Security (POF3-153)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-153},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)6},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/202884},
}