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@INPROCEEDINGS{Schmitz:203507,
      author       = {Schmitz, Sabine and Oskamp, Dominik and Pomplun, Ekkehard
                      and Kriehuber, Ralf},
      title        = {{C}hromosome {A}berrations induced by the {A}uger electron
                      emitter {I}-125},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2015-05428},
      year         = {2015},
      abstract     = {Introduction: DNA-associated Auger-electron emitters (AEE)
                      cause cellular damage leading to high-LET type cell survival
                      curves indicating an enhanced relative biological
                      effectiveness. DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) induced by
                      Iodine-125-deoxyuridine (I-125-UdR) decays are claimed to be
                      very complex. To elucidate the assumed genotoxic potential
                      of DNA-associated AEE, chromosome aberrations were analyzed
                      in I-125-UdR-exposed human peripheral blood lymphocytes
                      (PBL). Methods: PBL were isolated from whole blood and
                      stimulated with chromosome medium containing
                      phytohaemagglutinin (PHA). After 24 h cultures were labelled
                      with I-125-UdR for 18 h (activity concentration 1 – 45
                      kBq) during the S-phase. Following standard cytogenetic
                      procedure, at least 100 metaphases were analyzed
                      microscopically for each activity concentration. Cell death
                      was measured by apoptosis assay using flow cytometry.
                      Radiation doses were determined by using point kernel
                      calculations.Results: After 18 h labeling with I-125-UdR the
                      cell cycle distribution is severely disturbed. About 40 $\%$
                      of PBL are fully labeled and 20 $\%$ show a moderate
                      labeling of I-125-UdR, whereas 40 $\%$ of cells remain
                      unlabeled. I-125-UdR primarily induces chromatid-type
                      aberrations. The dose-response relationship fits well to a
                      polynomial curve in the low dose range, whereas a linear fit
                      supplies a better estimation in the high dose range. Even
                      the lowest dose of 0.2 Gy leads to significant damage and to
                      a 13-fold increase of aberrations compared to the controls.
                      On average every fifth I-125-decay produces a single
                      chromatid aberration in PBL. In addition, a dose-dependent
                      increase of cell death is observed. Conclusions: I-125-UdR
                      has a very strong genotoxic capacity in human PBL even at
                      very low cellular doses of about 0.2 Gy. Efficiently labeled
                      cells displaying a prolonged cell cycle compared to
                      moderately labeled cells and cell death contribute
                      substantially to the desynchronisation of the cell cycle.
                      Our data, showing that one I-125-decay induces  0.2
                      chromatid aberrations, are in very good accordance to the
                      data of Sedelnikova [1] and Yasui [2] who found  0.26 DSB
                      per decay, indicating that approximately every DSB is
                      converted into a chromatid aberration.[1] O.A. Sedelnikova
                      et al. Radiation Research 158, 486 (2002)[2] L.S. Yasui,
                      Int. J. Radiat. Biol., 80, 895 (2004)},
      month         = {May},
      date          = {2015-05-20},
      organization  = {8th International Symposium on
                       Physical, Molecular, Cellular and
                       Medical Aspects of Auger Process, Kyoto
                       (Japan), 20 May 2015 - 22 May 2015},
      subtyp        = {After Call},
      cin          = {S-US},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)S-US-20090406},
      pnm          = {899 - ohne Topic (POF3-899)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-899},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)24},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/203507},
}