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000020467 0247_ $$2DOI$$a10.1016/j.jallcom.2012.01.108
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000020467 041__ $$aeng
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000020467 084__ $$2WoS$$aChemistry, Physical
000020467 084__ $$2WoS$$aMaterials Science, Multidisciplinary
000020467 084__ $$2WoS$$aMetallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
000020467 1001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aPeranio, N.$$b0
000020467 245__ $$aRoom-temperature MBE deposition, thermoelectric properties, and advanced structural characterization of binary Bi2Te3 and Sb2Te3 thin films
000020467 260__ $$aLausanne$$bElsevier$$c2012
000020467 300__ $$a163 - 173
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000020467 440_0 $$03020$$aJournal of Alloys and Compounds$$v521$$x0925-8388
000020467 500__ $$aThe authors gratefully acknowledge financial support by the German Research Society DFG, priority programme 1386 "Nanostructured Thermoelectric Materials: Theory, Model Systems and Controlled Synthesis." R.P.H. and D.B. acknowledge the Advanced Photon Source for provision of synchrotron radiation beam time and the help of Dr. D. Robinson during data acquisition at 6-IDD. R. P. H. acknowledges support from the Helmholtz-University Young Investigator Group "Lattice Dynamics in Emerging Functional Materials."
000020467 520__ $$aSb2Te3 and Bi2Te3 thin films were grown at room temperature on SiO2 and BaF2 substrates using molecular beam epitaxy. A layer-by-layer growth was achieved such that metallic layers of the elements with 0.2 nm thickness were deposited. The layer structure in the as-deposited films was confirmed by X-ray diffraction and was seen more clearly in Sb2Te3 thin films. Subsequent annealing was done at 250 degrees C for 2 h and produced the Sb2Te3 and Bi2Te3 crystal structure as confirmed by high-energy X-ray diffraction. This preparation process is referred to as nano-alloying and it was demonstrated to yield single-phase thin films of these compounds. In the thin films a significant texture could be identified with the crystal c axis being almost parallel to the growth direction for Sb2Te3 and tilted by about 30 degrees for Bi2Te3 thin films. Inplane transport properties were measured for the annealed films at room temperature. Both films yielded a charge carrier density of about 2.6 x 10(19) cm (3). The Sb2Te3 films were p-type, had a thermopower of +130 mu V K-1, and surprisingly high mobilities of 402 cm(2) V-1 s(-1). The Bi2Te3 films were n-type, showed a thermopower of -153 mu V K-1, and yielded significantly smaller mobilities of 80 cm(2) V-1 s(-1). The chemical composition and microstructure of the films were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) on cross sections of the thin films. The grain sizes were about 500 nm for the Sb2Te3 and 250 nm for the Bi2Te3 films. In the Bi2Te3 thin film, energy-filtered TEM allowed to image a Bi-rich grain boundary phase, several nanometers thick. This secondary phase explains the poor mobilities of the Bi2Te3 thin film. With these results the high potential of the nano-alloying deposition technique for growing films with a more complex layer architecture is demonstrated. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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000020467 65320 $$2Author$$aThermoelectric materials
000020467 65320 $$2Author$$aVapor deposition
000020467 65320 $$2Author$$aX-ray diffraction
000020467 65320 $$2Author$$aTransmission electron microscopy
000020467 65320 $$2Author$$aMicrostructure
000020467 65320 $$2Author$$aComposition fluctuations
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000020467 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aWinkler, M.$$b1
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000020467 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aKönig, J.$$b4
000020467 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aBöttner, H.$$b5
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