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@ARTICLE{Zapf:204874,
      author       = {Zapf, Alexandra C. and Glindemann, Liv A. and Vogeley, Kai
                      and Falter, Christine M.},
      title        = {{S}ex {D}ifferences in {M}ental {R}otation and {H}ow {T}hey
                      {A}dd to the {U}nderstanding of {A}utism},
      journal      = {PLoS one},
      volume       = {10},
      number       = {4},
      issn         = {1932-6203},
      address      = {Lawrence, Kan.},
      publisher    = {PLoS},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2015-05467},
      pages        = {e0124628 -},
      year         = {2015},
      abstract     = {The most consistent cognitive sex differences have been
                      found in the visuo-spatial domain, using Mental Rotation
                      (MR) tasks. Such sex differences have been suggested to bear
                      implications on our understanding of autism spectrum
                      disorders (ASD). However, it is still debated how the sex
                      difference in MR performance relates to differences between
                      individuals with ASD compared to typically developed control
                      persons (TD). To provide a detailed exploration of sex
                      differences in MR performance, we studied rotational
                      (indicated by slopes) and non-rotational aspects (indicated
                      by intercepts) of the MR task in TD individuals (total N =
                      50). Second-to-fourth digit length ratios (2D:4D) were
                      measured to investigate the associations between prenatal
                      testosterone and performance on MR tasks. Handedness was
                      assessed by the use of the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory in
                      order to examine the relation between handedness and MR
                      performance. In addition, we investigated the relation of
                      spatial to systemising abilities, both of which have been
                      associated with sex differences and with ASD, employing the
                      Intuitive Physics Test (IPT). Results showed a male
                      advantage in rotational aspects of the MR task, which
                      correlated with IPT results. These findings are in contrast
                      to the MR performance of individuals with ASD who have been
                      shown to outperform TD persons in the non-rotational aspects
                      of the MR task. These results suggest that the differences
                      in MR performance due to ASD are different from sex-related
                      differences in TD persons, in other words, ASD is not a
                      simple and continuous extension of the male cognitive
                      profile into the psychopathological range as the extreme
                      male brain hypothesis (EMB) of ASD would suggest.},
      cin          = {INM-3},
      ddc          = {500},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-3-20090406},
      pnm          = {572 - (Dys-)function and Plasticity (POF3-572)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-572},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000353017000138},
      pubmed       = {pmid:25884501},
      doi          = {10.1371/journal.pone.0124628},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/204874},
}