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@PHDTHESIS{Paetzold:205080,
      author       = {Paetzold, Ulrich Wilhelm},
      title        = {{L}ight {T}rapping with {P}lasmonic {B}ack {C}ontacts in
                      {T}hin-{F}ilm {S}ilicon {S}olar {C}ells},
      volume       = {185},
      school       = {RWTH Aachen},
      type         = {Dr.},
      address      = {Jülich},
      publisher    = {Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Zentralbibliothek, Verlag},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2015-05556},
      isbn         = {978-3-89336-895-2},
      series       = {Schriften des Forschungszentrums Jülich Reihe Energie $\&$
                      Umwelt / Energy $\&$ Environment},
      pages        = {X, 175 S.},
      year         = {2013},
      note         = {RWTH Aachen, Diss., 2013},
      abstract     = {Trapping light in silicon solar cells is essential as it
                      allows an increase in the absorptionof incident sunlight in
                      optically thin silicon absorber layers. This way, the
                      costsof the solar cells can be reduced by lowering the
                      material consumption and decreasingthe physical constraints
                      on the material quality. In this work, plasmonic light
                      trappingwith Ag back contacts in thin-film silicon solar
                      cells is studied. Solar cell prototypeswith plasmonic back
                      contacts are presented along with optical simulations of
                      thesedevices and general design considerations of plasmonic
                      back contacts.Based on three-dimensional electromagnetic
                      simulations, the conceptual design ofplasmonic
                      nanostructures on Ag back contacts in thin-film silicon
                      solar cells is studiedin this work. Optimizations of the
                      nanostructures regarding their ability to scatterincident
                      light at low optical losses into large angles in the silicon
                      absorber layers ofthe thin-film silicon solar cells are
                      presented. Geometrical parameters as well as theembedding
                      dielectric layer stack of the nanostructures on Ag layers
                      are varied. Periodicas well as isolated hemispherical Ag
                      nanostructures of dimensions above 200 nmare found to
                      scatter incident light at high efficiencies and low optical
                      losses. Hence,these nanostructures are of interest for light
                      trapping in solar cells. In contrast, smallAg nanostructures
                      of dimension below 100 nm are found to induce optical
                      losses.At the surface of randomly textured Ag back contacts
                      small Ag nanostructures existwhich induce optical losses. In
                      this work, the relevance of these localized plasmoninduced
                      optical losses as well as optical losses caused by
                      propagating plasmons areinvestigated with regard to the
                      reflectance of the textured back contacts. In
                      state-ofthe-art solar cells, the plasmon-induced optical
                      losses are shifted out of the relevantwavelength range by
                      incorporating a ZnO:Al interlayer of low refractive index at
                      theback contact. The additional but small potential for
                      increasing the reflection at theback contact with dielectric
                      interlayers of even lower refractive index, such as
                      SiO$_{2}$ and air, is demonstrated.},
      cin          = {IEK-5},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-5-20101013},
      pnm          = {121 - Solar cells of the next generation (POF3-121)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-121},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)3 / PUB:(DE-HGF)11},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/205080},
}