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@ARTICLE{Farrher:20776,
      author       = {Farrher, E. and Kaffanke, J. and Celik, A.A. and Stöcker,
                      T. and Grinberg, F. and Shah, N.J.},
      title        = {{N}ovel multisection design of anisotropic diffusion
                      phantoms},
      journal      = {Magnetic resonance imaging},
      volume       = {30},
      issn         = {0730-725X},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-20776},
      pages        = {518 - 526},
      year         = {2012},
      note         = {EF thanks Mr. J. Lindemeyer, Dr. I.I. Maximov, Dr. V. Gras
                      and Dr. D. Pflugfelder for valuable discussions. EF thanks
                      Ms. M. Kubach and Mr. F. Keil for providing access to the
                      toolkit QuanTooM. FG thanks Dr. E. Fieremans and Dr. O.
                      Poznansky for valuable discussions. We thank Dr. H. Plug
                      (DSM, Geleen, The Netherlands) for supplying us with the
                      Dyneema fibers for this study. EF and FG thank Mr. J.-E.
                      Batta for a helpful contribution to the development of the
                      phantom during his research stay in Forschungszentrum Julich
                      funded by the ALFA II EU project NANOGASTOR. FG thanks
                      NANOGASTOR and Professor J. Karger for a valuable support of
                      this project.},
      abstract     = {Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging provides
                      access to fiber pathways and structural integrity in fibrous
                      tissues such as white matter in the brain. In order to
                      enable better access to the sensitivity of the diffusion
                      indices to the underlying microstructure, it is important to
                      develop artificial model systems that exhibit a well-known
                      structure, on the one hand, but benefit from a reduced
                      complexity on the other hand. In this work, we developed a
                      novel multisection diffusion phantom made of polyethylene
                      fibers tightly wound on an acrylic support. The phantom
                      exhibits three regions with different geometrical
                      configuration of fibers: a region with fibers crossing at
                      right angles, a region with parallel fibers and homogeneous
                      density, and, finally, a region with parallel fibers but
                      with a gradient of fiber density along the axis of symmetry.
                      This gives rise to a gradual change of the degree of
                      anisotropy within the same phantom. In this way, the need to
                      construct several phantoms with different fiber densities is
                      avoided, and one can access different fractional
                      anisotropies in the same experiment under the same physical
                      conditions. The properties of the developed phantom are
                      demonstrated by means of diffusion tensor imaging and
                      diffusion kurtosis imaging. The measurements were performed
                      using a diffusion-weighted spin-echo and a
                      diffusion-weighted stimulated-echo pulse sequence programmed
                      in-house. The influence of the fiber density packing on the
                      diffusion parameters was analyzed. We also demonstrate how
                      the novel phantom can be used for the validation of high
                      angular resolution diffusion imaging data analysis.},
      keywords     = {Algorithms / Anisotropy / Brain Mapping: methods /
                      Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Equipment Design /
                      Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Nerve Fibers, Myelinated:
                      ultrastructure / Phantoms, Imaging / Polyethylene /
                      Polyethylene (NLM Chemicals) / J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {INM-4},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-4-20090406},
      pnm          = {Funktion und Dysfunktion des Nervensystems (FUEK409) /
                      89573 - Neuroimaging (POF2-89573)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK409 / G:(DE-HGF)POF2-89573},
      shelfmark    = {Radiology, Nuclear Medicine $\&$ Medical Imaging},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:22285876},
      UT           = {WOS:000303086700006},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.mri.2011.12.012},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/20776},
}