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@ARTICLE{Huijnen:21129,
      author       = {Huijnen, V. and Flemming, J. and Kaiser, J.W. and Inness,
                      A. and Leitao, J. and Heil, A. and Eskes, H.J. and Schultz,
                      M.G. and Benedetti, A. and Hadji-Lazaro, J. and Dufour, G.
                      and Eremenko, M.},
      title        = {{H}indcast experiments of tropospheric composition during
                      the summer 2010 fires over western {R}ussia},
      journal      = {Atmospheric chemistry and physics},
      volume       = {12},
      issn         = {1680-7316},
      address      = {Katlenburg-Lindau},
      publisher    = {EGU},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-21129},
      pages        = {4341 - 4364},
      year         = {2012},
      note         = {We thank N. Chubarova and B. Holben and their staff for
                      maintaining the Moscow AERONET site which provided data used
                      in this investigation. Some of the satellite data were
                      downloaded from the National Aeronautics and Space
                      Administration (NASA) and the National Oceanic and
                      Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). We acknowledge the free
                      use of satellite retrieval data from www.temis.nl. D.
                      Hurtmans, P. Coheur (ULB, Belgium) and C. Clerbaux, M.
                      George (LATMOS, France) are acknowledged for scientific
                      development, maintenance and distribution of the CO products
                      from IASI, available from the Ether French atmospheric
                      database (http://ether.ipsl.jussieu.fr). The work has been
                      carried out within the MACC project, which is funded by the
                      European Commission under the Seventh Research Framework
                      Programme under contract number 218793.},
      abstract     = {The severe wildfires in western Russia during July-August
                      2010 coincided with a strong heat wave and led to large
                      emissions of aerosols and trace gases such as carbon
                      monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides into the
                      troposphere. This extreme event is used to evaluate the
                      ability of the global MACC (Monitoring Atmospheric
                      Composition and Climate) atmospheric composition forecasting
                      system to provide analyses of large-scale pollution episodes
                      and to test the respective influence of a priori emission
                      information and data assimilation on the results. Daily
                      4-day hindcasts were conducted using assimilated aerosol
                      optical depth (AOD), CO, nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone
                      (O-3) data from a range of satellite instruments. Daily fire
                      emissions were used from the Global Fire Assimilation System
                      (GFAS) version 1.0, derived from satellite fire radiative
                      power retrievals.The impact of accurate wildfire emissions
                      is dominant on the composition in the boundary layer,
                      whereas the assimilation system influences concentrations
                      throughout the troposphere, reflecting the vertical
                      sensitivity of the satellite instruments. The application of
                      the daily fire emissions reduces the area-average mean bias
                      by $63\%$ (for CO), $60\%$ (O-3) and $75\%$ (NO2) during the
                      first 24 h with respect to independent satellite
                      observations, compared to a reference simulation with a
                      multi-annual mean climatology of biomass burning emissions.
                      When initial tracer concentrations are further constrained
                      by data assimilation, biases are reduced by 87, 67 and
                      $90\%.$ The forecast accuracy, quantified by the mean bias
                      up to 96 h lead time, was best for all compounds when using
                      both the GFAS emissions and assimilation. The model
                      simulations suggest an indirect positive impact of O-3 and
                      CO assimilation on hindcasts of NO2 via changes in the
                      oxidizing capacity.However, the quality of local hindcasts
                      was strongly dependent on the assumptions made for
                      forecasted fire emissions. This was well visible from a
                      relatively poor forecast accuracy quantified by the root
                      mean square error, as well as the temporal correlation with
                      respect to ground-based CO total column data and AOD. This
                      calls for a more advanced method to forecast fire emissions
                      than the currently adopted persistency approach.The combined
                      analysis of fire radiative power observations, multiple
                      trace gas and aerosol satellite observations, as provided by
                      the MACC system, results in a detailed quantitative
                      description of the impact of major fires on atmospheric
                      composition, and demonstrate the capabilities for the
                      real-time analysis and forecasts of large-scale fire
                      events.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {IEK-8},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-8-20101013},
      pnm          = {Atmosphäre und Klima / MACC - Monitoring Atmospheric
                      Composition and Climate (218793)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK491 / G:(EU-Grant)218793},
      shelfmark    = {Meteorology $\&$ Atmospheric Sciences},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000304055600032},
      doi          = {10.5194/acp-12-4341-2012},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/21129},
}