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@ARTICLE{Minet:21352,
      author       = {Minet, J. and Bogaert, P. and Vanclooster, M. and Lambot,
                      S.},
      title        = {{V}alidation of ground penetrating radar full-waveform
                      inversion for field scale soil moisture mapping},
      journal      = {Journal of hydrology},
      volume       = {424-425},
      issn         = {0022-1694},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-21352},
      pages        = {112 - 123},
      year         = {2012},
      note         = {We acknowledge Guido Rentmeesters for the GPR platform
                      construction. The research presented in this paper was
                      funded by the Belgian Science Policy Office in the frame of
                      the Stereo II programme - project SR/00/100 (HYDRASENS), the
                      DIGISOIL project financed by the European Commission under
                      the 7th Framework Programme for Research and Technological
                      Development, Area "Environment", Activity 6.3 "Environmental
                      Technologies", and the Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique
                      (FNRS), Belgium.},
      abstract     = {Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is an efficient method for
                      soil moisture mapping at the field scale, bridging the scale
                      gap between small-scale invasive sensors and large-scale
                      remote sensing instruments. Nevertheless, commonly-used GPR
                      approaches for soil moisture characterization suffer from
                      several limitations and the determination of the
                      uncertainties in GPR soil moisture sensing has been poorly
                      addressed. Herein, we used a proximal GPR method based on
                      full-waveform inversion of ultra-wideband radar data for
                      mapping soil moisture and we evaluated uncertainties in the
                      soil moisture maps by three methods. First, GPR-derived soil
                      moisture uncertainties were computed from GPR data
                      inversions, according to measurements and modeling errors,
                      and to the sensitivity of the electromagnetic model to soil
                      moisture. Second, the repeatability of soil moisture mapping
                      was evaluated. Third, GPR-derived soil moisture was compared
                      with ground-truth measurements (soil core sampling). The
                      proposed GPR method appeared to be highly precise and
                      accurate, with a spatially averaged GPR inversion
                      uncertainty of 0.0039 m(3) m(-3), a repetition uncertainty
                      of 0.0169 m(3) m(-3), and an uncertainty of 0.0233 m(3)
                      m(-3) when compared with ground-truth measurements. These
                      uncertainties were mapped and appeared to be related to some
                      local model inadequacies and to small-scale variability of
                      soil moisture. In a soil moisture mapping framework, the
                      interpolation was found to be the main source of the
                      observed uncertainties. The proposed GPR method was proven
                      to be largely reliable in terms of accuracy and precision
                      and appeared to be highly efficient for soil moisture
                      mapping at the field scale. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All
                      rights reserved.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      ddc          = {690},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {Terrestrische Umwelt},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK407},
      shelfmark    = {Engineering, Civil / Geosciences, Multidisciplinary / Water
                      Resources},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000301326600009},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.12.034},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/21352},
}