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000022168 084__ $$2WoS$$aPlant Sciences
000022168 1001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aFiore, A.$$b0
000022168 245__ $$aA quadruple mutant of Arabidopsis reveals a novel activity for LUT1/CYP97C1 in carotene hydroxylation and a regulatory role of xanthophylls on determination of the PSI/PSII ratio
000022168 260__ $$aLondon$$bBioMed Central$$c2012
000022168 300__ $$a50
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000022168 440_0 $$026243$$aBMC Plant Biology$$v12
000022168 500__ $$aWork supported by the Italian ministry of Research, special fund for basic research (PRIN 2008XB774B), and by the European Commission, Metapro project.
000022168 520__ $$aXanthophylls are oxygenated carotenoids playing an essential role as structural components of the photosynthetic apparatus. Xanthophylls contribute to the assembly and stability of light-harvesting complex, to light absorbance and to photoprotection. The first step in xanthophyll biosynthesis from α- and β-carotene is the hydroxylation of ε- and β-rings, performed by both non-heme iron oxygenases (CHY1, CHY2) and P450 cytochromes (LUT1/CYP97C1, LUT5/CYP97A3). The Arabidopsis triple chy1chy2lut5 mutant is almost completely depleted in β-xanthophylls.Here we report on the quadruple chy1chy2lut2lut5 mutant, additionally carrying the lut2 mutation (affecting lycopene ε-cyclase). This genotype lacks lutein and yet it shows a compensatory increase in β-xanthophylls with respect to chy1chy2lut5 mutant. Mutant plants show an even stronger photosensitivity than chy1chy2lut5, a complete lack of qE, the rapidly reversible component of non-photochemical quenching, and a peculiar organization of the pigment binding complexes into thylakoids. Biochemical analysis reveals that the chy1chy2lut2lut5 mutant is depleted in Lhcb subunits and is specifically affected in Photosystem I function, showing a deficiency in PSI-LHCI supercomplexes. Moreover, by analyzing a series of single, double, triple and quadruple Arabidopsis mutants in xanthophyll biosynthesis, we show a hitherto undescribed correlation between xanthophyll levels and the PSI-PSII ratio. The decrease in the xanthophyll/carotenoid ratio causes a proportional decrease in the LHCII and PSI core levels with respect to PSII.The physiological and biochemical phenotype of the chy1chy2lut2lut5 mutant shows that (i) LUT1/CYP97C1 protein reveals a major β-carotene hydroxylase activity in vivo when depleted in its preferred substrate α-carotene; (ii) xanthophylls are needed for normal level of Photosystem I and LHCII accumulation.
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000022168 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aArabidopsis: genetics
000022168 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aArabidopsis: metabolism
000022168 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aArabidopsis Proteins: genetics
000022168 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aArabidopsis Proteins: metabolism
000022168 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMutation
000022168 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aPhotosystem I Protein Complex: metabolism
000022168 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aPhotosystem II Protein Complex: metabolism
000022168 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aXanthophylls: metabolism
000022168 650_2 $$2MeSH$$abeta Carotene: metabolism
000022168 650_7 $$00$$2NLM Chemicals$$aArabidopsis Proteins
000022168 650_7 $$00$$2NLM Chemicals$$aPhotosystem I Protein Complex
000022168 650_7 $$00$$2NLM Chemicals$$aPhotosystem II Protein Complex
000022168 650_7 $$00$$2NLM Chemicals$$aXanthophylls
000022168 650_7 $$07235-40-7$$2NLM Chemicals$$abeta Carotene
000022168 650_7 $$2WoSType$$aJ
000022168 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aDall'Osto, L.$$b1
000022168 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aCazzaniga, S.$$b2
000022168 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aDiretto, G.$$b3
000022168 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aGiuliano, G.$$b4
000022168 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)VDB38860$$aBassi, R.$$b5$$uFZJ
000022168 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2059868-3$$a10.1186/1471-2229-12-50$$gVol. 12, p. 50$$p50$$q12<50$$tBMC plant biology$$v12$$x1471-2229$$y2012
000022168 8567_ $$2Pubmed Central$$uhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3349566
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