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@ARTICLE{Michely:22220,
      author       = {Michely, J. and Barbe, M.T. and Hoffstaedter, F. and
                      Timmermann, L. and Eickhoff, S.B. and Fink, G.R. and
                      Grefkes, C.},
      title        = {{D}ifferential effects of dopaminergic medication on basic
                      motor performance and executive functions in {P}arkinson's
                      disease},
      journal      = {Neuropsychologia},
      volume       = {50},
      number       = {10},
      issn         = {0028-3932},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-22220},
      pages        = {2506 - 2514},
      year         = {2012},
      note         = {GRF and LT are supported by a grant from the German
                      Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungssgemeinschaft KFO
                      219).},
      abstract     = {Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) often show deficits
                      in the self-initiation and selection of movements, which can
                      be partly compensated for by external cues. We here
                      investigated impairments in the initiation and selection of
                      self-initiated or externally cued movements in PD.
                      Specifically, we assessed how behavioral changes relate to
                      medication, disease severity, and basic motor or cognitive
                      deficits.Seventeen akinetic-rigid PD patients and 16 healthy
                      controls (HC) performed a computerized motor task assessing
                      differences between internally and externally triggered
                      movements and reaction times. Patients performed the task
                      twice in a randomized fashion, once with their regular
                      dopaminergic medication and once 12h after withdrawal of
                      medication. Additionally, all subjects underwent
                      comprehensive neuropsychological and motor
                      assessments.Compared to HC, patients showed a significant
                      slowing across all tasks. Furthermore, patients showed a
                      selective deficit of movement initiation as indexed by
                      longer reaction times when movement lateralization was
                      internally chosen as opposed to being externally cued. This
                      deficit correlated significantly with motor scores of the
                      Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). Notably,
                      there was no main effect of dopaminergic medication
                      ("ON"/"OFF") on internally and externally triggered
                      movements despite significant improvement of UPDRS and
                      maximum finger tapping frequency in the "ON" state.Our
                      results suggest that disease severity in PD patients is
                      related to disturbances in internal action initiation,
                      selection and simple decision processes. Moreover, the data
                      add further support to the notion that dopaminergic
                      medication differentially affects motor and cognitive
                      performance in PD. These findings imply that disturbances in
                      executive functions in PD are also influenced by factors
                      other than reduced dopaminergic activity.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {INM-3 / INM-2 / INM-1},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-3-20090406 / I:(DE-Juel1)INM-2-20090406 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)INM-1-20090406},
      pnm          = {Funktion und Dysfunktion des Nervensystems (FUEK409) /
                      89572 - (Dys-)function and Plasticity (POF2-89572)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK409 / G:(DE-HGF)POF2-89572},
      shelfmark    = {Behavioral Sciences / Neurosciences / Psychology,
                      Experimental},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:22776611},
      UT           = {WOS:000307694300015},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.06.023},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/22220},
}