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@ARTICLE{Caspers:22405,
      author       = {Caspers, S. and Heim, S. and Lucas, M.G. and Stephan, E.
                      and Fischer, L. and Amunts, K. and Zilles, K.},
      title        = {{D}issociated {N}eural {P}rocessing for {D}ecisions in
                      {M}anagers and {N}on-{M}anagers},
      journal      = {PLoS one},
      volume       = {7},
      number       = {8},
      issn         = {1932-6203},
      address      = {Lawrence, Kan.},
      publisher    = {PLoS},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-22405},
      pages        = {e43537},
      year         = {2012},
      note         = {This work was supported by the Initiative and Networking
                      Fund of the Helmholtz Association within the Helmholtz
                      Alliance on Systems Biology (Human Brain Model, K.Z.), the
                      Helmholtz Alliance for Mental Health in an Aging Society
                      (K.Z., K. A.), and a grant of the German Federal Ministry of
                      Education and Research (No. 01GW0613; K. A.). The funders
                      had no role in study design, data collection and analysis,
                      decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.},
      abstract     = {Functional neuroimaging studies of decision-making so far
                      mainly focused on decisions under uncertainty or negotiation
                      with other persons. Dual process theory assumes that, in
                      such situations, decision making relies on either a rapid
                      intuitive, automated or a slower rational processing system.
                      However, it still remains elusive how personality factors or
                      professional requirements might modulate the decision
                      process and the underlying neural mechanisms. Since decision
                      making is a key task of managers, we hypothesized that
                      managers, facing higher pressure for frequent and rapid
                      decisions than non-managers, prefer the heuristic, automated
                      decision strategy in contrast to non-managers. Such
                      different strategies may, in turn, rely on different neural
                      systems. We tested managers and non-managers in a functional
                      magnetic resonance imaging study using a forced-choice
                      paradigm on word-pairs. Managers showed subcortical
                      activation in the head of the caudate nucleus, and reduced
                      hemodynamic response within the cortex. In contrast,
                      non-managers revealed the opposite pattern. With the head of
                      the caudate nucleus being an initiating component for
                      process automation, these results supported the initial
                      hypothesis, hinting at automation during decisions in
                      managers. More generally, the findings reveal how different
                      professional requirements might modulate cognitive decision
                      processing.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {INM-1 / INM-2},
      ddc          = {500},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-1-20090406 / I:(DE-Juel1)INM-2-20090406},
      pnm          = {Funktion und Dysfunktion des Nervensystems (FUEK409) /
                      89571 - Connectivity and Activity (POF2-89571)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK409 / G:(DE-HGF)POF2-89571},
      shelfmark    = {Biology},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:22927984},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC3425477},
      UT           = {WOS:000308286300064},
      doi          = {10.1371/journal.pone.0043537},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/22405},
}