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@ARTICLE{DePasquale:22799,
      author       = {De Pasquale, C. and Marsala, V. and Berns, A.E. and
                      Valagussa, M. and Pozzi, A. and Alonzo, G. and Conte, P.},
      title        = {{F}ast field cycling {NMR} relaxometry characterization of
                      biochars obtained from an industrial thermochemical process},
      journal      = {Journal of soils and sediments},
      volume       = {12},
      issn         = {1439-0108},
      address      = {Landsberg},
      publisher    = {Ecomed Publ.},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-22799},
      pages        = {1211 - 1221},
      year         = {2012},
      note         = {Record converted from VDB: 12.11.2012},
      abstract     = {Biochar has unique properties which make it a powerful tool
                      to increase soil fertility and to contribute to the decrease
                      of the amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide through the
                      mechanisms of C sequestration in soils. Chemical and
                      physical biochar characteristics depend upon the technique
                      used for its production and the biomass nature. For this
                      reason, biochar characterization is very important in order
                      to address its use either for agricultural or environmental
                      purposes.Three different biochars obtained from an
                      industrial gasification process were selected in order to
                      establish their chemical and physical peculiarities for a
                      possible use in agronomical practices. They were obtained by
                      charring residues from the wine-making industry (marc) and
                      from poplar and conifer forests. Routine analyses such as pH
                      measurements, elemental composition, and ash and metal
                      contents were performed together with the evaluation of the
                      cross-polarization magic angle spinning (CPMAS) C-13 NMR
                      spectra of all the biochar samples. Finally, relaxometry
                      properties of water-saturated biochars were retrieved in
                      order to obtain information on pore size distribution.All
                      the biochars revealed basic pH values due to their large
                      content of alkaline metals. The quality of CPMAS C-13 NMR
                      spectra, which showed the typical signal pattern for charred
                      systems, was not affected by the presence of paramagnetic
                      centers. Although paramagnetism was negligible for the
                      acquisition of solid state spectra, it was effective in some
                      of the relaxometry experiments. For this reason, no useful
                      information could be retrieved about water dynamics in marc
                      char. Conversely, both relaxograms and nuclear magnetic
                      resonance dispersion profiles of poplar and conifer chars
                      indicated that poplar char is richer in small-sized pores,
                      while larger pores appear to be characteristic for the
                      conifer char.This study showed the potential of relaxometry
                      in revealing chemical-physical information on industrially
                      produced biochar. This knowledge is of paramount importance
                      to properly direct biochar agronomical uses.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {Terrestrische Umwelt},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK407},
      shelfmark    = {Geosciences, Multidisciplinary / Soil Science},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000307519400002},
      doi          = {10.1007/s11368-012-0489-x},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/22799},
}