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@ARTICLE{Mller:23758,
      author       = {Müller, R. and Tilmes, S. and Grooß, J. U. and McKenna,
                      D. S. and Müller, M. and Schmidt, U. and Toon, G. C. and
                      Stachnik, S. S. and Margitan, J. J. and Elkins, J. W. and
                      Arvelius, J. and Russell III, J. M.},
      title        = {{C}hlorine activation and chemical ozone loss deduced from
                      {HALOE} and balloon measurements in the {A}rctic during the
                      {W}inter of 1999-2000},
      journal      = {Journal of Geophysical Research},
      volume       = {108},
      issn         = {0148-0227},
      address      = {Washington, DC},
      publisher    = {Union},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-23758},
      pages        = {D5},
      year         = {2003},
      note         = {Record converted from VDB: 12.11.2012},
      abstract     = {[1] We employ Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE)
                      observations and balloon-borne measurements (on the large
                      Observations of the Middle Stratosphere [OMS] and Triple
                      balloons, as well as on two small balloons) to investigate
                      ozone loss in the stratospheric vortex in the 1999-2000
                      Arctic winter. Using HF and CH4 as long-lived tracers, we
                      identify chlorine activation and chemical ozone destruction
                      in the polar vortex. Reference relations, representative of
                      chemically undisturbed "early vortex'' conditions, are
                      derived from the OMS remote and in situ balloon measurements
                      on 19 November and 3 December 1999, respectively. Deviations
                      from this "early vortex'' reference are interpreted as
                      chemical ozone loss and heterogeneous chlorine activation.
                      The observations show an extensive activation of chlorine;
                      in late February 2000, the activation extends to altitudes
                      of 600 K. Between 360 and 450 K chlorine was almost
                      completely activated. At that time, about $70\%$ of the HCl
                      column between 380 and 550 K was converted to active
                      chlorine. Furthermore, the measurements indicate severe
                      chemical ozone loss, with a maximum loss of over $60\%$ in
                      the lower stratosphere (415-465 K) by mid-March 2000.
                      Substantial ozone loss was still observable in vortex
                      remnants in late April 2000 (80 +/- 10 Dobson units [DU]
                      between 380 and 550 K). The average loss in column ozone
                      between 380 and 550 K, inside the vortex core, in mid-March
                      amounted to 84 +/- 13 DU.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {ICG-I},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB47},
      pnm          = {Chemie und Dynamik der Geo-Biosphäre},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK257},
      shelfmark    = {Meteorology $\&$ Atmospheric Sciences},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000180870100011},
      doi          = {10.1029/2001JD001423},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/23758},
}