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@PHDTHESIS{Wu:255745,
      author       = {Wu, Guixuan},
      title        = {{M}odelling and {E}xperimental {V}alidation of the
                      {V}iscosity of {L}iquid {P}hases in {O}xide {S}ystems
                      {R}elevant to {F}uel {S}lags},
      volume       = {282},
      school       = {RWTH Aachen},
      type         = {Dr.},
      address      = {Jülich},
      publisher    = {Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Zentralbibliothek, Verlag},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2015-05859},
      isbn         = {978-3-95806-081-4},
      series       = {Schriften des Forschungszentrums Jülich Reihe Energie $\&$
                      Umwelt / Energy $\&$ Environment},
      pages        = {XVI, 170 S.},
      year         = {2015},
      note         = {RWTH Aachen, Diss., 2015},
      abstract     = {Flexibility in feedstocks and products is one of the most
                      important advantages of an IGCC power plant based on
                      entrained-flow gasifiers. Moreover, it can be combined with
                      the carbon capture and storage (CCS), which is a promising
                      solution to control the CO$_{2}$ emissions produced from the
                      use of fossil fuels such as coal. The core of an IGCC power
                      plant is the slagging gasifier, whose performance is
                      significant for an IGCC power plant. In slagging gasifiers,
                      the majority of the inorganic components are converted to a
                      liquid slag flowing down the wall of the gasifier, whereas
                      the remaining inorganic components entrained in the syngas
                      form fly ash. Slag viscosity plays a very important role in
                      determining the optimum operating conditions for slagging
                      gasification, in which many processes are related to the
                      viscosity, such as the particle sticking (or droplet
                      sticking), slag flow, slag tapping, and refractory
                      degradation that may lead to concerns about efficiency,
                      process reliability, and safety. Slag viscosity is also
                      identified as a critical property for simulations based on
                      computational fluid dynamics (CFD). However, most of the
                      early viscosity models are only capable of describing the
                      viscosity over a limited range of temperatures and
                      compositions, due to the lack of an effective description
                      about the structural dependence of viscosity. This study
                      aims at developing a new viscosity model for fully liquid
                      slag systems in the Newtonian range. In the new viscosity
                      model, the structure of slag is effectively taken into
                      account, in which the viscosity is linked to the type and
                      distribution of species, as well as the connectivity of
                      species. The type of species is determined from the Gibbs
                      energy, and thereby the distribution of species is
                      calculated by using a completely selfconsistent
                      thermodynamic dataset, where the modified associate species
                      model was applied for the slag. This dataset provides the
                      phase diagram and other thermodynamic properties to be
                      calculated in good agreement with the experimental data. In
                      consequence, both the temperature- and composition-induced
                      structural changes of molten fuel slags can be described
                      with a set of monomeric associate species in combination
                      with the critical clusters induced by the self- and
                      inter-polymerizations.[...]},
      cin          = {IEK-2},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-2-20101013},
      pnm          = {111 - Efficient and Flexible Power Plants (POF3-111) /
                      HITEC - Helmholtz Interdisciplinary Doctoral Training in
                      Energy and Climate Research (HITEC) (HITEC-20170406)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-111 / G:(DE-Juel1)HITEC-20170406},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)11 / PUB:(DE-HGF)3},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/255745},
}